A review on the utilization of calcium oxide as a base catalyst in biodiesel production. Issue 4 (August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zul, Nabilah Atiqah; Ganesan, Shangeetha; Hamidon, Tuan Sherwyn; Oh, Wen-Da; Hussin, M. Hazwan
• Is Part Of: Journal of environmental chemical engineering. Volume 9:Issue 4(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-08
• Subjects: Calcium oxide -- Base catalyst -- Feedstock -- Transesterification -- Modification -- Biodiesel; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental engineering -- Periodicals; Chemical engineering -- Environmental aspects; Environmental engineering; Periodicals; 660.0286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105741
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-2929

Abstract

Abstract: Researchers and stakeholders alike have widely agreed that the biggest obstacle in producing biodiesel is the high cost of production. Due to this, much interest has been drawn in utilizing waste materials as catalysts to produce methyl esters (biodiesel) via transesterification. Thus, utilization of waste materials both as feedstock and catalyst is environmentally sustainable and bears economic, which reduces the cost of converting feedstock products into biodiesel. Application of heterogeneous catalyst is the most favored, primarily due to the ease of separation from the product. CaO has shown promising potential to be utilized as a base catalyst in the transesterification of feedstock. In this review paper, some beneficial information on the sources, preparation, and characterization of CaO are detailed. Enhancement of catalytic activity and durability through modification and the effect of type of feedstock on the production of biodiesel are presented as well. Graphical Abstract: ga1 Highlights: Sources, preparation methods and characterization of CaO are presented in detail. The optimum conditions needed for a higher biodiesel conversion are addressed. Modification of CaO to improve the catalytic activity is also discussed. Emphasis on the effect of feedstock on biodiesel yield. CaO obtained from waste materials is a promising catalyst for biodiesel production.