The effects of wind generation and other market determinants on price spikes. (15th October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Doering, Kenji; Sendelbach, Luke; Steinschneider, Scott; Lindsay Anderson, C.
• Is Part Of: Applied energy. Volume 300(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-10-15
• Subjects: Renewable energy -- Wind generation -- Price spike -- Electricity prices -- Mixture model; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; Energy conservation -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; 621.042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117316
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-2619

Abstract

Highlights: A model of ERCOT electricity price regimes is characterized. Price dynamics are characterized with regression-based mixture models. High renewable penetration grids are prone to price spikes without sufficient reserves. Future strategies for dealing with renewable impacts on reliability are discussed. Abstract: Electricity spot prices have shifted in response to increasing renewable energy infrastructure throughout the United States in recent decades. These shifts manifest as changes in the spot price mean and variance. One major factor influencing the variance of spot prices is the prevalence of price spikes. How renewables influence the magnitude and frequency of price spikes is not well understood. This study examines the influence of wind and additional determinants (load, nuclear generation, natural gas prices, as well as the load-to-capacity ratio) on electricity spot prices in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas system using a multiple regression mixture model framework. We focus on the influence of these determinants on the magnitude of spot prices within a low-price regime and a high-price regime, with the latter representative of price spikes. We also examine how system determinants influence the frequency of occurrence of each regime. We show that increases in wind generation drive average spot prices down in both the low and high price regime. However, system shortfalls of wind generation, particularly during times of high load, result in increased price magnitudes in both regimes, as well as more frequent price spike events.