Transcriptomic profiling reveals different innate immune responses in primary alveolar macrophages infected by two highly homologous porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses with distinct virulence. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Shubin; Li, Xinshuai; Qiu, Ming; Li, Jixiang; Xiao, Yanzhao; Lin, Hong; Zheng, Wanglong; Zhu, Jianzhong; Chen, Nanhua
• Is Part Of: Microbial pathogenesis. Volume 158(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus -- Porcine alveolar macrophages -- RNA-Seq -- Virulence -- Innate immune responses; PRRSV Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus -- HP-PRRSV Highly pathogenic PRRSV -- CA-PRRSV Classical PRRSV -- ORFs Open reading frames -- nsps: Nonstructural proteins qPCR -- Quantitative real-time PCR PBMCs -- Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells PAMs -- Procine alveolar macrophages RPMI-1640 -- Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 medium PBS -- Phosphate-buffered saline hpi: Hours post infection -- TCID50 Median tissue culture infectious doses -- IF Immunofluorescent -- IFN Interferon -- RT Room temperature -- DAPI 4′ 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole -- GO Gene ontology -- KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes -- DEGs Differential expression genes -- FPKM Fragments per kilobase of transcript sequence per million base pairs sequenced -- BP Biological process -- CC Cellular component -- MF Molecular function -- lncRNA Long noncoding RNA -- padj Adjusted p value; Pathogenic microorganisms -- Periodicals; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- parasitology -- Periodicals; Micro-organismes pathogènes -- Périodiques; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105102
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0882-4010

Abstract

Abstract: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates show high genetic and pathogenic diversity. The mechanisms underlying different virulence of PRRSV isolates are still not fully clarified. Two highly homologous PRRSV isolates (XJ17-5 and JSTZ1712-12) with distinct virulence were identified in our previous study. To evaluate the association between host responses and different virulence, here we investigated the transcriptomic profiles of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with these two isolates. RNA-Seq results showed that there are 1932 differential expression genes (DEGs) between two PRRSV infected groups containing 1067 upregulation and 865 downregulation genes. Compared with the avirulent JSTZ1712-12 infected group, GO analysis identified significant enrichment gene sets not only associated with virus infection but also innate immune response in the virulent XJ17-5 infected group. In addition, KEGG analysis indicated significantly enriched genes associated with NOD-like and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways in XJ17-5 vs JSTZ1712-12 group. Furthermore, XJ17-5 isolate induced significantly higher levels of innate immune response associated genes (IL-1β, CXCL2, S100A8, OAS2, MX1, IFITM3, ISG15 and IFI6) than JSTZ1712-12 isolate, which were further confirmed by real-time PCR. Given that these two isolates share similar replication efficiency in vivo and in vitro, our results indicated that distinct virulence of PRRSV isolates is associated with different host innate immune responses. Highlights: PRRSV virulent XJ and avirulent JS isolates had similar replication efficiency in PAMs. RNA-seq analysis identified significantly different expression genes in XJ vs JS group. GO analysis suggested that XJ and JS infection induced different innate immune responses. KEGG analysis identified DEGs associated with NOD-like and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways in XJ vs JS group. Real-time PCR results supported that XJ and JS infection induced different innate immune responses.