Aetiology of garlic rot, an emerging disease in France. (19th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chrétien, Paul L.; Morris, Cindy E.; Duffaud, Magali; Leyronas, Christel
• Is Part Of: Plant pathology. Volume 70:Number 6(2021)
• Page Start: 1276
• Page End: 1291
• Publication Date: 2021-05-19
• Subjects: Allium sativum -- Fusarium oxysporum -- Fusarium proliferatum -- molecular identification; Agricultural pests -- Periodicals; Plant diseases -- Periodicals; 632
• DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13394
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0032-0862

Abstract

Abstract: The incidence of garlic rot has constantly increased in France since the early 2000s. To set up an efficient method of garlic protection against this disease, we have clarified its aetiology. This was achieved by surveying garlic from the two main French basins of garlic production over 3 years. Fungi were isolated from 5, 493 garlic cloves belonging to pink, purple, and white garlic types. Sequencing of the translation elongation factor 1α gene of 1, 171 strains revealed that 94% of the strains belonged to the species Fusarium proliferatum and 6% belonged to F . oxysporum . The pathogenicity of both species on garlic was confirmed by artificial inoculations and reisolations. There was significantly more F . oxysporum in garlic cloves with symptoms coming from the southeast basin (9.44%) than from the southwest basin (2.76%). This study confirms that garlic rot is present in pink, purple, and white types. However, pink type garlic harbours F . oxysporum significantly less frequently (1.59%) than white (9.39%) and purple (7.34%) types. Sequencing of rpb1, rpb2, ITS, and IGS regions of a subsample of strains revealed that there is little genetic diversity in the French population of F . proliferatum . Abstract : Two species were isolated from symptomatic garlic bulbs in France: Fusarium proliferatum (94%) and F. oxysporum (6%). Sequencing of 4 regions revealed that there is little genetic diversity in the French population of F. proliferatum . ​