Attached eddy-like particle clustering in a turbulent boundary layer under net sedimentation conditions. (10th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhu, Hangyu; Pan, Chong; Wang, Guohua; Liang, Yirui; Ji, Xiaocang; Wang, Jinjun
• Is Part Of: Journal of fluid mechanics. Volume 920(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-08-10
• Subjects: boundary layer structure -- particle/fluid flow -- turbulent boundary layers; Fluid mechanics -- Periodicals; 532.005
• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2021.389
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1120

Abstract

Abstract: Abstract : Characteristics of particle clustering in a particle-laden turbulent boundary layer at a moderate frictional Reynolds number ( $Re_\tau =5500$ ) are experimentally investigated based on Voronoï analysis. High-inertia sand grains with a large viscous-time-based Stokes number, i.e. $St_p=10^2 - 10^3$, are used as the dispersed phase. The bulk particle volume fraction is $\varPhi _V\sim O(10^{-5})$ . Two-dimensional velocity fields of the fluid and particle phases in the streamwise–wall-normal plane are simultaneously measured via particle image/tracking velocimetry. Under the net sedimentation condition, a self-similarity of the geometries of particle clusters is clearly seen in the log layer. This can be characterized by the $-5/3$ power law of the probability density functions of the particle cluster areas and the $y$ -scaling of their first- and second-order moments. Considering the self-similarity of wall-attached structures in the attached eddy hypothesis, we propose a conceptual model in which a large proportion of particle clusters prefer to reside on the back ridges of low-momentum attached $u$ -structures due to the high-strain effect caused by converging sweep–ejection events. Such a scenario can be partly evidenced by the conditional streamwise spectra of the streamwise and wall-normal fluid-phase velocity components being conditioned inside cluster-occupied regions, which present a distinct $y$ -scaling in the log layer. Furthermore, the fluid-phase sweep and ejection events inside particle clusters are observed to be weaker than the cases outside cluster-occupied regions, and the local rate of strain inside cluster-occupied regions is relatively higher than in all unconditional statistics. Finally, conditional statistics reveal that those sand grains with relatively small slip velocities are prone to be captured by low-momentum turbulent motions to form particle clusters.