The health belief model and theory of planned behavior applied to mammography screening: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Issue 3 (30th November 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ritchie, David; Van den Broucke, Stephan; Van Hal, Guido
• Is Part Of: Public health nursing. Volume 38:Issue 3(2021)
• Page Start: 482
• Page End: 492
• Publication Date: 2020-11-30
• Subjects: health behaviors -- mammography -- mass screening -- meta‐analysis -- systematic review; Public health nursing -- Periodicals; 610.734
• DOI: 10.1111/phn.12842
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0737-1209

Abstract

Abstract: Background: The Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) are used to explain screening behavior. Although reviews of each model have been conducted independently, none have compared the application of both to mammography screening. Methods: A systematic review of literature published in five databases from 1974 to 2020 was performed. Meta‐analysis of the explanatory value of the HBM and TPB and effect sizes of their cognitive variables was conducted. Results: Altogether, 673 papers reporting HBM studies and 577 reporting TPB studies were recovered, of which 43 HBM studies and 15 TPB studies met the eligibility criteria. Twelve studies reported on the explanatory value of either model. The explained variance for HBM ranged from 25% to 89% (mean R 2 = .55), while the explained variance for TPB ranged from 16% to 81% (mean R 2 = .24 [screening behavior as outcome] and 0.46 [intention as outcome]). The component of "cue to action" had the greatest effect size (mean OR 1.80 [95% CI: 1.58–2.04]). Conclusions: While the HBM and TPB both demonstrated positive explanatory value, most studies examined the individual constructs of each model and failed to report consistently on the effectiveness of the models.