Mutation in KANK2, encoding a sequestering protein for steroid receptor coactivators, causes keratoderma and woolly hair. Issue 6 (26th March 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ramot, Yuval; Molho-Pessach, Vered; Meir, Tomer; Alper-Pinus, Ruslana; Siam, Ihab; Tams, Spiro; Babay, Sofia; Zlotogorski, Abraham
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical genetics. Volume 51:Issue 6(2014)
• Page Start: 388
• Page End: 394
• Publication Date: 2014-03-26
• Subjects: Medical genetics -- Periodicals; 616.042
• DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102346
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1468-6244

Abstract

Abstract : Background: The combination of palmoplantar keratoderma and woolly hair is uncommon and reported as part of Naxos and Carvajal syndromes, both caused by mutations in desmosomal proteins and associated with cardiomyopathy. We describe two large consanguineous families with autosomal-recessive palmoplantar keratoderma and woolly hair, without cardiomyopathy and with no mutations in any known culprit gene. The aim of this study was to find the mutated gene in these families. Methods and results: Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous missense c.2009C>T mutation in KANK2 in the patients (p.Ala670Val). KANK2 encodes the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC)-interacting protein (SIP), an ankyrin repeat containing protein, which sequesters SRCs in the cytoplasm and controls transcription activation of steroid receptors, among others, also of the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The mutation in KANK2 is predicted to abolish the sequestering abilities of SIP. Indeed, vitamin D-induced transactivation was increased in patient's keratinocytes. Furthermore, SRC-2 and SRC-3, coactivators of VDR and important components of epidermal differentiation, are localised to the nucleus of epidermal basal cells in patients, in contrast to the cytoplasmic distribution in the heterozygous control. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that keratoderma and woolly hair can be caused by a non-desmosomal mechanism and further underline the importance of VDR for normal hair and skin phenotypes.