Potential impact of maternal vaccination on life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus infection during infancy. Issue 31 (25th July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Scheltema, Nienke M.; Kavelaars, Xynthia M.; Thorburn, Kentigern; Hennus, Marije P.; van Woensel, Job B.; van der Ent, Cornelis K.; Borghans, José A.M.; Bont, Louis J.; Drylewicz, Julia
• Is Part Of: Vaccine. Volume 36:Issue 31(2018)
• Page Start: 4693
• Page End: 4700
• Publication Date: 2018-07-25
• Subjects: RSV -- Maternal vaccination -- Mathematical model -- Life-threatening infections -- Infant mortality; Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.06.021
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-410X

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is an important cause of infant mortality. Here, we estimated the potential impact of maternal vaccination against RSV on life-threatening RSV infection in infants. Methods: We developed a mathematical model for maternal vaccine-induced antibody dynamics and used characteristics of a maternal RSV vaccine currently in phase 3 of clinical development. The model was applied to data from two cohorts of children younger than 12 months with RSV-related paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission in the United Kingdom (n = 370) and the Netherlands (n = 167), and a cohort of 211 children younger than 12 months with RSV-related in-hospital death from 20 countries worldwide. Results: Our model predicted that, depending on vaccine efficiency, maternal vaccination at 30 weeks' gestational age could have prevented 62–75% of RSV-related PICU admissions in the United Kingdom and 76–87% in the Netherlands. For the global mortality cohort, the model predicted that maternal vaccination could have prevented 29–48% of RSV-related in-hospital deaths. Preterm children and children with comorbidities were predicted to benefit less than (healthy) term children. Conclusions: Maternal vaccination against RSV may substantially decrease life-threatening RSV infections in infants.