Topoisomerase inhibitors: Pharmacology and emerging nanoscale delivery systems. (January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dehshahri, Ali; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Ghasemipour Afshar, Elham; Pardakhty, Abbas; Mandegary, Ali; Mohammadinejad, Reza; Sethi, Gautam
• Is Part Of: Pharmacological research. Volume 151(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-01
• Subjects: NPs nanoparticles -- EPR enhanced permeability and retention -- IHC immunohistochemistry -- PEG poly(ethylene glycol) -- PAA poly(aspartic acid) -- PLGA poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) -- RA retinoic acid -- CED convection-enhanced delivery -- EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor -- HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 -- WGA wheat germ agglutinin -- HIV human immunodeficiency virus -- BBB blood-brain barrier -- NIRF near-infrared fluorescence -- MRI magnetic resonance imaging -- FUS focused ultrasound surgery -- HIFU high-intensity focused ultrasound -- PLA polylactide -- HSA human serum albumin; Topoisomerase inhibitors -- Cancer -- Nanoparticles -- Drug delivery systems -- Nanocarriers -- Chemotherapy; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Médicaments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Pharmacologie -- Périodiques; 615.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104551
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-6618

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Topoisomerases are crucial enzymes for replication and transcription. Dysfunction of topoisomerases is associated with a variety of disorders, especially cancer. Topoisomerase inhibitors can be applied for modulation of abnormal topoisomerases. Topoisomerase nano-delivery systems could be considered as promising platforms to improve targetability and safety. Abstract: Topoisomerase enzymes have shown unique roles in replication and transcription. These enzymes which were initially found in Escherichia coli have attracted considerable attention as target molecules for cancer therapy. Nowadays, there are several topoisomerase inhibitors in the market to treat or at least control the progression of cancer. However, significant toxicity, low solubility and poor pharmacokinetic properties have limited their wide application and these characteristics need to be improved. Nano-delivery systems have provided an opportunity to modify the intrinsic properties of molecules and also to transfer the toxic agent to the target tissues. These delivery systems leads to the re-introduction of existing molecules present in the market as novel therapeutic agents with different physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. This review focusses on a variety of nano-delivery vehicles used for the improvement of pharmacological properties of topoisomerase inhibitors and thus enabling their potential application as novel drugs in the market.