Biochar mediates microbial communities and their metabolic characteristics under continuous monoculture. (May 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wu, Hongmiao; Qin, Xianjin; Wu, Huiming; Li, Feng; Wu, Jiachun; Zheng, Ling; Wang, Juanying; Chen, Jun; Zhao, Yanlin; Lin, Sheng; Lin, Wenxiong
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 246(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-05
• Subjects: Plant–microbe interactions -- Replanting disease -- Non-invasive micro-test technique -- Allelopathic -- Consecutive monoculture; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125835
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Biochar amendment has been extensively used to improve plant performance and suppress disease in monoculture systems; however, few studies have focused on the underlying control mechanisms of replanting disease. In this study, we assessed the effects of biochar application on Radix pseudostellariae plant growth, rhizosphere soil microbial communities, and the physiological properties of microorganisms in a consecutive monoculture system. We found that biochar addition had little impact on the physiological parameters of tissue cultures of R. pseudostellaria but did significantly mediate microbial abundance in the rhizosphere soil of different consecutive monoculture years, leading to decreases in the abundance of pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum, Talaromyces helicus, and Kosakonia sacchari . Furthermore, biochar amendment had negative effects on the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as Burkholderia ambifaria, Pseudomonas chlororaphis, and Bacillus pumilus . Metabolomic analysis indicated that biochar significantly influenced the metabolic processes of F. oxysporum while inhibiting the mycelial growth and abating the virulence on plants. In summary, this study details the potential mechanisms responsible for the biochar-stimulated changes in the abundances and metabolism of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi, decreases in the contents of pathogens, and therefore improvements in the environmental conditions for plants growth. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of biochar in long-term field trials. Highlights: Biochar significantly mediated microbial abundances in the rhizosphere soil. Biochar abated the virulence of pathogenic fungi on plants. The biochar addition mediated the ions uptake in treated plants. Biochar significantly affect the metabolism process of F. oxysporum . Biochar application can be a promising strategy for the control of replanting disease.