Is the recent increase in national homicide abnormal? Testing the application of fan charts in monitoring national homicide trends over time. (January 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yim, Ha-Neul; Riddell, Jordan R.; Wheeler, Andrew P.
• Is Part Of: Journal of criminal justice. Volume 66(2020)
• Publication Date: 2020-01
• Subjects: Homicide-rates -- Time-series -- Outliers -- Forecasting -- Data-visualization; Criminal justice, Administration of -- Periodicals; Justice pénale -- Administration -- Périodiques; 364.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2019.101656
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0047-2352

Abstract

Abstract: Purpose: The goal of this study is to compare the increase in the 2015 national homicide rate to the historical data series and other violent crime rate changes. Methods: We use ARIMA models and a one-step ahead forecasting technique to predict national homicide, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault rates in the United States. Annual Uniform Crime Report data published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation are used in our analysis. Results: The 2015 homicide rate increased above the 90% prediction interval for our model, but not more conservative intervals. Predictions intervals for other national level crime rates consistently produced correct coverage using our forecasting approach. Conclusions: Our findings provide weak evidence that the national homicide rate spiked in 2015, though data for 2016–2018 do not show a continued anomalous increase in the U.S. homicide rate. Highlights: US homicide rates in 2015 appear to be somewhat anomalous according to our forecasts (approximately 1 in 100 chance). More recent years for national level homicide or other violent crime rates are easily within prediction intervals. An ARIMA forecasting approach can effectively provide good coverage of national level crime rate trends.