An international experience of technical and economic aspects of ancillary services in deregulated power industry: Lessons for emerging BRIC electricity markets. (July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Banshwar, Anuj; Sharma, Naveen Kumar; Sood, Yog Raj; Shrivastava, Rajnish
• Is Part Of: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. Volume 90(2018)
• Page Start: 774
• Page End: 801
• Publication Date: 2018-07
• Subjects: ABT Availability Based Tariff -- ACP Area Clearing Price -- AGC Automatic Generation Control -- ALR Automatic Load Rejection -- APFC Assigned Primary Frequency Control -- APR Active Power Reserves -- AS Ancillary Services -- ASFC Automatic Secondary Frequency Control -- ASM Ancillary Service Market -- ASMP Ancillary Service Marginal Prices -- ASP Ancillary Services Providers -- AVC Automatic Voltage Control -- BA Balancing Authority -- BAS Basic Ancillary Services -- BESS Battery-based Energy Storage Scheme -- BM Balancing Market -- BPR Basic Peak Regulation -- BRIC Brazil, Russia, India, and China -- BRPR Basic Reactive Power Regulation -- BS Black Start -- BSAS Black Start Ancillary Services -- BSCS Black Start Capability Services -- BSS Black Start Service -- CAS Compensated Ancillary Services -- CCA Competitive Capacity Auctions -- CCM Co-optimized Commitment Mechanism -- CCEE Chamber of Electric Energy Trade -- CCPP Combined Cycle Power Plant -- CERC Central Electricity Regulatory Commission -- CM Capacity Market -- CER Conventional Energy Resources -- CLPIPL China Light and Power India Private Limited -- CPR Compensable Peak Regulation -- CR Contingency Reserves -- CRAF Contingency Reserve Adjustment Factor -- CRPR Compensable Reactive Power Regulation -- CSP Concentrated Solar Power -- CWEM Competitive Wholesale Electricity Market -- DA Day Ahead -- DAEM Day Ahead Energy Market -- DAM Day Ahead Markets -- DA-RUC Day Ahead Reliability Unit Commitment -- DASR Day Ahead Scheduling Reserve -- DR Demand Resources/Response -- DSR Demand Side Resources -- ED Economic Dispatch -- EV Electric Drive Vehicles -- FCB Fast Cut Back -- FCM Forward Capacity Market -- FERC Federal Electricity Regulatory Commission -- FGMO Free Governor Mode of Operation -- FM Forward Markets -- FR Frequency Regulation -- FRAS Frequency Regulation Ancillary Services -- FSAS Frequency Support Ancillary Services -- FTR Financial Transmission Rights -- GGR Generator Governor Response -- GHG Green House Gas -- GIPCL Gujarat Industries Power Company Limited -- HAM Hour-Ahead Markets -- HEP Hydro Electric Plant -- HPS Hydro Power Station -- JOD Joint Optimization Dispatch -- IDM Intra Day Markets -- IEGC Indian Electricity Grid Code -- IEX Indian Energy Exchange -- ISTS Inter State Transmission System -- JOD Joint Optimization Dispatch -- LF Load Following -- LFC Load Frequency Control -- LMP Locational Marginal Price -- LTA Long Term Agreements -- LTC Load Tap Changers -- MCP Market Clearing Price -- MCPE Market Clearing Prices for Energy -- MPT Market Place Timelines -- MO Market Operator -- MOD Merit-Order Dispatch -- M-VCAS Mobile Voltage Control Ancillary Services -- NBS Non-Black Start -- NEP National Electricity Policy -- NERC North American Electric Reliability Corporation -- NERC-CPC NERC Control Performance Criteria -- NLDC National Load Dispatch Centre -- NSR Non Spinning/Synchronized Reserve -- NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation -- OR Operating Reserve -- ONS Operator of the National Electricity System -- PEV Plug-in Electric-drive Vehicles -- PFC Primary Frequency Control -- PFR Primary Frequency Regulation -- PGL Peak Generator Load -- PLF Plant Load Factor -- PR Primary Reserve -- PSESS Pumped-Storage based Energy Storage Scheme -- PSR Power System Restoration -- PV Photo-Voltaic -- PX Power Exchanges -- PXIL Power Exchange India Limited -- QR Quaternary Reserve -- RBA Rational Buyer's Algorithm -- RES Renewable Energy Sources -- RGPPL Ratnagiri Gas and Power Private Limited -- RIPS Regulation Interval Performance Score -- RLDC Regional Load Dispatch Centre -- RPC Regional Power Committees -- RPP Renewable Power Producers -- RPS Renewable Portfolio Standard -- RPSS Reactive Power Support Services -- RR Regulation/Replacement Reserves -- MPT Market Place Timelines -- RSS Reactive Support Service -- RT-LMP Real Time Locational Marginal Price -- RTC Real Time Commitment -- RTD Real Time Dispatch -- RTM Real Time Market -- RTO Regional Transmission Operator -- SC Scheduling Coordinators -- SCED Security Constrained Economic Dispatch -- SCUC Security Constrained Unit Commitment -- SD Sequential Dispatch -- SO System Operators -- SP System Producers -- SPP Southwest Power Pool -- SLDC State Load Dispatch Centre -- SR Spinning/Synchronized Reserves -- NERC-CPC NERC Control Performance Criteria -- SRC Spinning Reserve Capacity -- SERC State Electricity Regulatory Commission -- TAM Term Ahead-Market -- TAFC Three-year Ahead Forward Capacity -- TFC Tertiary Frequency Control -- TMNSR Ten Minute Non-Synchronized/Non-Spinning Reserve -- TMOR Thirty Minute Operating Reserve -- TMRR Thirty Minute Replacement Reserves -- TMSR Ten Minute Synchronized/Spinning Reserve -- TR Tertiary Reserve -- UCTE Union for the Co-ordination of Transmission of Electricity -- UI Unscheduled Interchange -- URS Un-Requisitioned Surplus -- US United States -- VCAS Voltage Control AS -- VCSS Voltage Control Support Services -- VIS Vertical Integrated Systems -- VS Voltage Support -- VSS Voltage Support Service -- WEM Wholesale Electricity Market -- WSCC Western Systems Coordinating Council; Ancillary services market -- Assessment mechanism -- Competitive electricity market -- Renewable energy sources -- Trading mechanism; Renewable energy sources -- Periodicals; Power resources -- Periodicals; Énergies renouvelables -- Périodiques; Ressources énergétiques -- Périodiques; 333.794
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.085
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1364-0321

Abstract

Abstract: An introduction of competition in electricity markets and the substantial growth in the capacity of transactions significantly complicates the task of sustaining security and dependability of an electrical arrangement. This responsibility is dedicated to Ancillary Services (AS) that, in perspective to market liberalization, is the accountability of the System Operators (SO) to secure the requisite level of quality and safety. In the liberalized environment, AS are disaggregated from the energy generation, and can be obligated or compensated under market processes. SO seeks specific ways to define, procure and implement such services by managing active power for adjusting the frequency and reactive power for sustaining sufficient voltage profile throughout the arrangement. A comprehensive analysis of several techno-economical aspects of AS in liberalized electricity markets of a developed economy and emerging economies has been reviewed in this work. While attending the wide range of AS, the aim is to provide the promising knowledge of individual service by comparing different AS markets that exists worldwide, showing similarities and conflicts between various market models. Apart from conventional providers of AS, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in several liberalized electricity markets seem to be a good provider of AS along with energy in order to maximize their revenue from these marketplaces. In addition to their types and definition, participation, contracting approach, selection of offers, dispatch criterion along with renewable energy participation in various electricity markets has been discussed. Highlights: Techno-economic aspects of AS is presented for developed and emerging BRIC markets. Reviewed the definitions, literature and operation of individual AS worldwide. Renewable energy participation in various electricity markets has been discussed. In addition, comprehensive review of contracting and procuring AS is presented.