Defining the natural fracture network in a shale gas play and its cover succession: The case of the Utica Shale in eastern Canada. (March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ladevèze, P.; Séjourné, S.; Rivard, C.; Lavoie, D.; Lefebvre, R.; Rouleau, A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of structural geology. Volume 108(2018)
• Page Start: 157
• Page End: 170
• Publication Date: 2018-03
• Subjects: Natural fracture characterization -- Analogs -- Conceptual models -- Shale gas -- Utica Shale; Geology, Structural -- Periodicals; Géomorphologie structurale -- Périodiques; Geology, Structural; Periodicals; 551.805
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsg.2017.12.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0191-8141

Abstract

Abstract: In the St. Lawrence sedimentary platform (eastern Canada), very little data are available between shallow fresh water aquifers and deep geological hydrocarbon reservoir units (here referred to as the intermediate zone). Characterization of this intermediate zone is crucial, as the latter controls aquifer vulnerability to operations carried out at depth. In this paper, the natural fracture networks in shallow aquifers and in the Utica shale gas reservoir are documented in an attempt to indirectly characterize the intermediate zone. This study used structural data from outcrops, shallow observation well logs and deep shale gas well logs to propose a conceptual model of the natural fracture network. Shallow and deep fractures were categorized into three sets of steeply-dipping fractures and into a set of bedding-parallel fractures. Some lithological and structural controls on fracture distribution were identified. The regional geologic history and similarities between the shallow and deep fracture datasets allowed the extrapolation of the fracture network characterization to the intermediate zone. This study thus highlights the benefits of using both datasets simultaneously, while they are generally interpreted separately. Recommendations are also proposed for future environmental assessment studies in which the existence of preferential flow pathways and potential upward fluid migration toward shallow aquifers need to be identified. Highlights: This study integrates shallow and deep multisource fracture datasets. An analog approach was used to characterized the caprock of the Utica Shale reservoir. Four fracture sets affects the entire shale succession. A conceptual model of this fracture network is proposed.