A longitudinal examination of protective behavioral strategies and alcohol consumption among adult drinkers. (December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dekker, Maria R.; Jongenelis, Michelle I.; Wakefield, Melanie; Kypri, Kypros; Hasking, Penelope; Pettigrew, Simone
• Is Part Of: Addictive behaviors. Volume 87(2018)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 7
• Publication Date: 2018-12
• Subjects: Alcohol consumption -- Protective behavioral strategies -- Drinkers -- Adults; Substance abuse -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Drug addiction -- Periodicals; Nicotine addiction -- Periodicals; Smoking -- Periodicals; Gambling -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 362.29
• DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.06.017
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4603

Abstract

Abstract: Previous studies suggest that employing specific behavioral strategies when drinking can prevent excessive alcohol consumption and related harms. However, these studies have typically examined these 'protective behavioral strategies' (PBSs) in combination, limiting understanding of whether individual strategies differ in their effectiveness. Further, most existing research is cross-sectional in design, precluding the determination of causal relationships between PBS use and alcohol consumption. To address these research gaps, the present study sought to longitudinally (i) identify which individual PBSs are significantly related to reduced alcohol consumption over time and (ii) explore the effectiveness of individual PBSs among specific population groups. The sample comprised 1328 Australian adult drinkers (47% male) who completed an online survey assessing engagement in PBSs and alcohol consumption at two time points approximately four weeks apart. Reported enactment of the PBS 'Count your drinks' was associated with a significant reduction in alcohol consumption between T1 and T2. In contrast, enactment of the PBSs 'Ask a friend to let you know when you have had enough to drink', 'Put extra ice in your drink', 'Use a designated driver', and 'Leave drinking venues at a pre-determined time' was associated with an increase in alcohol consumption. The results thus suggest that many PBSs may not be effective in reducing alcohol consumption and that some may be associated with higher levels of intake. The results have implications for the development of harm-minimization campaigns designed to encourage drinkers to reduce their alcohol consumption. Highlights: Protective behaviour strategies (PBSs) can reduce alcohol intake. Three tested PBSs were associated with lower alcohol consumption over time. These PBSs were equally effective among different population segments. Three PBSs were associated with heavier alcohol consumption over time. Enactment of PBSs was greater in females and older drinkers.