Chemotherapy Induces Macrophage Chemoattractant Protein-1 Production in Ovarian Cancer. Issue 6 (1st July 2010)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rogers, Lisa M.; Geller, Melissa A.; Bui-Nguyen, Tri M.; Ramakrishnan, Sundaram
• Is Part Of: International journal of gynecological cancer. Volume 20:Issue 6(2010)
• Page Start: 918
• Page End: 925
• Publication Date: 2010-07-01
• Subjects: Macrophage -- MCP-1 -- Ovarian cancer; Generative organs, Female -- Cancer -- Periodicals; 616.99465
• DOI: 10.1111/IGC.0b013e3181e5c442
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1048-891X

Abstract

Abstract : Objectives: Tumor infiltrating macrophages play an important role in tumor progression. Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is one of the major chemokines responsible for inducing macrophage migration. Our objective was to investigate chemotherapy-induced modulation of MCP-1 in ovarian cancer by investigating macrophage infiltration, tumor vascularity, and MCP-1 expression after chemotherapy exposure. Methods: MA-148 ovarian cancer cells were treated with paclitaxel (43 pg/mL) and carboplatin (5μg/mL) alone or in combination. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction determined MCP-1 transcript levels and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay evaluated MCP-1 protein production at multiple time points. The effect of kinase inhibitors on MCP-1 expression was investigated. In vivo MCP-1 production was examined in tumor-bearing mice and immunohistochemistry with fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated anti-mouse F4/80 antibody, phycoerythrin-anti-CD31, and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay were performed. Results: Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 transcript levels were up-regulated in MA-148 after treatment with paclitaxel and carboplatin individually and in combination. The greatest elevation was seen with combination therapy: 2.5-fold increase in the MCP-1 protein levels from baseline ( P = 0.011) with the mitogen-activated protein kinase and janus kinases/signal transducers and activators of transcription pathways appearing to be involved in the regulation of MCP-1 production. In vivo mouse studies confirmed increased MCP-1 production after chemotherapy; however, there was no significant difference in macrophage, apoptosis, or vessel density. Conclusions: Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 is up-regulated in ovarian cancer after chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Whether MCP-1 production is increased because of a stress-induced response or a scavenger response promoting macrophage infiltration remains unknown. Chemotherapy induction of MCP-1 in ovarian cancer suggests this chemokine plays an important role in the immune response occurring after chemotherapy exposure.