Randomised clinical trial of two treatment regimens of natural surfactant preparations in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Issue 1 (January 1995)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Speer, C. P.; Gefeller, O.; Groneck, P.; Laufkötter, E.; Roll, C.; Hanssler, L.; Harms, K.; Herting, E.; Boenisch, H.; Windeler, J.
• Is Part Of: Archives of disease in childhood. Volume 72:Issue 1(1995)
• Page Start: F8
• Page End: 13
• Publication Date: 1995-01
• Subjects: Infants -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Newborn infants -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Fetus -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 618.920105
• DOI: 10.1136/fn.72.1.F8
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-2998

Abstract

Abstract : AIMS--To compare treatment regimens of two widely used natural surfactant preparations Curosurf and Survanta in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS--The effects of the two treatment regimens on gas exchange, ventilatory requirements, and 28 day outcome in infants with RDS were compared. Seventy five preterm infants (birth weight 700-1500 g) with RDS requiring artificial ventilation with an FIO2 of > or = 0.4, were randomly selected at 1-24 hours of age. One group received an initial dose of Curosurf (200 mg/kg); the other group Survanta (100 mg/kg). Patients who remained dependent on artificial ventilation with an FIO2 of > or = 0.3 received up to two additional doses of Curosurf (each of 100 mg/kg) after 12 and 24 hours or up to three additional doses of Survanta (each of 100 mg/kg) between six and 48 hours after the initial dose. RESULTS--There was a rapid improvement in oxygenation and ventilatory requirements were reduced in both groups. However, infants treated with Curosurf had a higher arterial:alveolar oxygen tension ratio and required a lower peak inspiratory pressure and mean airway pressure at several time points within 24 hours of randomisation (p < 0.05-0.001). The incidences of pneumothorax in the Curosurf and Survanta groups were 6% and 12.5%, respectively; the corresponding figures for grades 3-4 intracerebral haemorrhage were 3% and 12.5%, respectively. Mortality was 3% in the Curosurf group and 12.5% in the Survanta group. However, these differences did not reach significance. CONCLUSION--The Curosurf treatment regimen resulted in a more rapid improvement in oxygenation than Survanta and reduced ventilatory requirements up to 24 hours after start of treatment. This was associated with a trend towards reduced incidence of serious pulmonary and non-pulmonary complications.