Self‐criticism and self‐reassurance in individuals with recurrent depression: Effects of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy and relationship to relapse. Issue 3 (5th January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schanche, Elisabeth; Vøllestad, Jon; Visted, Endre; Lillebostad Svendsen, Julie; Binder, Per‐Einar; Osnes, Berge; Franer, Petter; Sørensen, Lin
• Is Part Of: Counselling and psychotherapy research. Volume 21:Issue 3(2021)
• Page Start: 621
• Page End: 632
• Publication Date: 2021-01-05
• Subjects: depressive relapse prevention -- forms of self‐criticizing and reassuring scale -- MBCT -- recurrent depression -- self‐criticism; Counseling -- Periodicals; Psychotherapy -- Periodicals; 616.891405
• DOI: 10.1002/capr.12381
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1473-3145

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Self‐criticism is associated with an elevated risk of developing recurrent depressive episodes. Self‐criticism can have different forms, functions and underpinning emotions. An investigation into variations of self‐criticism and its antidotes is therefore warranted. The aim of this study, embedded within a randomised efficacy trial of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT), was to explore the effect of MBCT on self‐to‐self relating within three domains: self‐inadequacy, self‐hate and the ability to self‐reassure. We also investigated whether these forms of self‐to‐self relating predicted depressive relapse for the MBCT participants within a time frame of two years after the intervention. Methods: Sixty‐eight individuals with recurrent depressive disorder were randomised to MBCT or a waiting list condition (WLC). Participants in the MBCT intervention were assessed for depressive relapse at follow‐up after 6, 12 and 24 months. Results: Compared with WLC ( N = 30), completers of MBCT ( N = 26) showed a significant improvement in Reassure self ( d = 0.69, p = .016) and a significant reduction in Inadequate self ( d = 0.51, p = .021), measured with the Forms of Self‐Criticizing and Reassuring Scale . There were no significant changes in Hated self. Improvements in the Reassure self during the intervention predicted non‐occurrence of depressive relapse within a period of two years after the MBCT intervention. Conclusions: Findings from the present study support evidence that MBCT can affect how individuals relate to themselves in difficult situations in ways that may act as protection against depressive relapse.