Land‐use legacies influence tree water‐use efficiency and nitrogen availability in recently established European forests. (3rd April 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Land‐use legacies influence tree water‐use efficiency and nitrogen availability in recently established European forests. (3rd April 2021)
- Main Title:
- Land‐use legacies influence tree water‐use efficiency and nitrogen availability in recently established European forests
- Authors:
- Guerrieri, Rossella
Correia, Marta
Martín‐Forés, Irene
Alfaro‐Sánchez, Raquel
Pino, Joan
Hampe, Arndt
Valladares, Fernando
Espelta, Josep Maria - Abstract:
- Abstract: Forest regrowth following farmland (agriculture and pasture) abandonment has been positively associated with a number of processes including the regulation of hydrological cycling, the enhancement of soil functioning and an increase in forest productivity and carbon (C) sequestration. Although these changes in ecosystem functioning post‐farmland abandonment have been observed in multiple locations and studies, the ecophysiological basis underpinning these patterns remains unclear. Here, we examine whether increased forest expansion following pastureland abandonment is associated with greater water‐use efficiency (WUE) and legacies from previous land use in terms of nitrogen (N) availability. We thus explored differences in leaf traits and N availability between recently established (post‐1950) beech Fagus sylvatica (L.) forests on former pastureland and long‐established beech forests (pre‐1950). The investigated leaf traits were SLA, leaf N concentration (%N) and intrinsic WUE (iWUE, i.e. the ratio between photosynthesis and stomatal conductance); as well, leaf and soil stable N isotope composition (δ 15 N) and total %N were used to assess changes in N availability. Finally, we compared the correlation strength between the above‐mentioned parameters and those associated with tree productivity (wood density and basal area increment, BAI) and the richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) in these two forest types. Recent forests had greater iWUE than long‐establishedAbstract: Forest regrowth following farmland (agriculture and pasture) abandonment has been positively associated with a number of processes including the regulation of hydrological cycling, the enhancement of soil functioning and an increase in forest productivity and carbon (C) sequestration. Although these changes in ecosystem functioning post‐farmland abandonment have been observed in multiple locations and studies, the ecophysiological basis underpinning these patterns remains unclear. Here, we examine whether increased forest expansion following pastureland abandonment is associated with greater water‐use efficiency (WUE) and legacies from previous land use in terms of nitrogen (N) availability. We thus explored differences in leaf traits and N availability between recently established (post‐1950) beech Fagus sylvatica (L.) forests on former pastureland and long‐established beech forests (pre‐1950). The investigated leaf traits were SLA, leaf N concentration (%N) and intrinsic WUE (iWUE, i.e. the ratio between photosynthesis and stomatal conductance); as well, leaf and soil stable N isotope composition (δ 15 N) and total %N were used to assess changes in N availability. Finally, we compared the correlation strength between the above‐mentioned parameters and those associated with tree productivity (wood density and basal area increment, BAI) and the richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) in these two forest types. Recent forests had greater iWUE than long‐established forests, which was associated more with lower SLA than leaf %N. Leaf and soil δ 15 N were more robust proxies than %N for detecting differences in N availability. Less negative leaf and soil δ 15 N values in recent versus long‐established forests suggest, on the one hand, greater N availability, probably due to higher historical N input originating from animal excreta on these former pasturelands, and, on the other hand, an increase in N loss pathways. Our results point to greater correlations between leaf δ 15 N, tree iWUE and productivity in recent forests than in long‐established forests, thereby suggesting a close link between C and N cycles. Our findings also highlight different N dynamics between the two forest types, with recent forests showing 'leaky' N cycling wherever lower N retention by trees and associated ECM fungi occurs as a legacy of previous land use. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. Abstract : A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article. Resumen: La expansión de bosques secundarios después del abandono de tierras agrícolas se ha asociado positivamente con la regulación del ciclo hidrológico, la mejora del funcionamiento del suelo y un aumento de la productividad forestal y de la captura de carbono (C). Sin embargo la base ecofisiológica que sustenta estos patrones permanece inexplorada. En este estudio, examinamos si la expansión forestal sobre antiguos pastizales está asociada con una mayor eficiencia en el uso del agua (WUE) y con legados del uso anterior del suelo en la disponibilidad de nitrógeno (N). Concretamente hemos analizado las diferencias en las características de las hojas y la disponibilidad de N entre hayedos Fagus sylvatica (L.) establecidos antes y después de 1950. Los rasgos foliares investigados fueron el área específica foliar (SLA), la concentración de N (%N) y eficiencia en el uso del agua intrínseca (iWUE, i.e. relación entre la fotosíntesis y la conductancia estomática). Asimismo, también, se analizó la composición de isótopos de N en las hojas y en el suelo (δ 15 N) y el % total de N, para valorar la disponibilidad de N. Finalmente, comparamos la correlación entre estos parámetros con indicadores de la productividad forestal (densidad de la madera e incremento del área basal) y la riqueza de ectomicorrizas en ambos tipos de bosques. Los hayedos recientes mostraban una iWUE mayor que los bosques establecidos antes de 1950, lo que se asoció más con un menor SLA que del %N foliar. La δ 15 N foliar y del suelo fueron mejores que el %N para detectar diferencias en la disponibilidad de N. Valores de δ 15 N foliar y del suelo menos negativos en los hayedos recientes sugieren una mayor disponibilidad de N, probablemente debida a un mayor aporte histórico procedente de las heces del ganado en estos antiguos pastizales, y, asimismo, un aumento en las vías de pérdida de N. Nuestros resultados apuntan a mayores correlaciones entre δ 15 N de hojas, iWUE y productividad en los bosques recientes, lo que sugiere un vínculo estrecho entre los ciclos de C y N. Asimismo, también resaltan diferentes dinámicas de N entre ambos tipos de bosques: i.e. los hayedos recientes muestran ciclos de N con "perdidas" por una menor retención de N por parte de los árboles y ectomicorrizas asociadas, por efecto del legado del uso anterior del suelo. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Functional ecology. Volume 35:Number 6(2021)
- Journal:
- Functional ecology
- Issue:
- Volume 35:Number 6(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 35, Issue 6 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 35
- Issue:
- 6
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0035-0006-0000
- Page Start:
- 1325
- Page End:
- 1340
- Publication Date:
- 2021-04-03
- Subjects:
- beech forest -- forest expansion -- land‐use change -- nitrogen availability -- water‐use efficiency -- δ13C -- δ15N
Ecology -- Periodicals
574.505 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=fecoe5 ↗
http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0269-8463&site=1 ↗
http://www.jstor.org/journals/02698463.html ↗
http://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/hub/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2435/ ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗
http://firstsearch.oclc.org ↗
http://firstsearch.oclc.org/journal=0269-8463;screen=info;ECOIP ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/1365-2435.13787 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0269-8463
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4055.616000
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 17563.xml