Annealing temperature effect on cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation. (October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Swathi, S.; Yuvakkumar, R.; Kumar, P. Senthil; Ravi, G.; Velauthapillai, Dhayalan
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 281(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-10
• Subjects: CoFe2O4 -- Cubic structure -- Annealing temperature -- Photocatalysis -- Magnetic nanoparticles; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130903
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: In this work, cobalt ferrite nanomaterials was prepared employing simple co-precipitation technique and annealed at 300, 400 and 600 °C. XRD study revealed the formation of cubic structure of CoFe2 O4 nanoparticles and confirmed by high intense peak at 2θ value of 35.3°. The creation of ferrite phase was further confirmed by the studies such as FTIR, Raman and PL spectra. FTIR spectra confirmed the occurrence of Fe–O and Co–O metal oxygen vibrations and the lattice defects and oxygen vacancies of the CoFe2 O4 nanoparticles were explored by PL spectra. No other signals were detected in Raman spectra, which explored pure spinal ferrites. The energy band gap values are obtained by using Tauc plot and the obtained band gap values for all the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were 2.84, 2.75 and 2.89 eV respectively. The morphology of synthesized cobalt ferrite nanomaterials were observed from the SEM and TEM images. The product annealed at 400 °C showed the better morphology with least amount of agglomeration in comparison to other SEM images. In addition, SAED pattern of magnetic nanoparticles confirmed the existence of polycrystalline nature of the CoFe2 O4 nanoparticles. The obtained surface area of CF2 sample was 5.082 m 2 g −1 and pore volume and diameter of CF2 sample was found to be 0.013 cc/g and 3.937 nm respectively. Then, the product annealed at 400 °C exhibited most excellent activity and degraded 74% of cationic dye in 80 min, and it also exhibited excellent stability even maintain in three cycles. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: CoFe2 O4 nanomaterial (50 nm) explored 5.082 m 2 g −1 surface area. CoFe2 O4 nanomaterial revealed 0.013 cc/g pore volume and 3.937 nm diameter. Photocatalytic cationic degradation mechanism was explored. Prepared CoFe2 O4 nanomaterial degraded 74% of cationic dye in 80 min.