Novel promising reproductive and metabolic effects of Cicer arietinum L. extract on letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rat model. (5th October 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ali, Sara E.; El Badawy, Shymaa A.; Elmosalamy, Sherif H.; Emam, Shimaa R.; Azouz, Asmaa A.; Galal, Mona K.; Abd-Elsalam, Reham M.; Issa, Marwa Y.; Hassan, Bardes B.
• Is Part Of: Journal of ethnopharmacology. Volume 278(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-10-05
• Subjects: Chickpea sprout isoflavone -- Phytoestrogen -- Letrozole -- PCOS -- Rat model; PCOS Polycystic ovary syndrome -- CSE Cicer arietinum L. seeds extract -- UPLC/ESI-MS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry -- GnRH Gonadotropin-releasing hormone -- LH luteinizing hormone -- FSH follicular-stimulating hormone -- HPLC High performance liquid chromatography -- Rt retention times -- CMC Carboxy Methyl Cellulose -- LTZ letrozole -- qRT-PCR quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction -- H&E hematoxylin and eosin -- HDL high density lipoprotein -- LDL low density lipoprotein -- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- MDA Malondialdehyde -- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid -- GSH glutathione -- SD standard deviation -- ANOVA one-way analysis of variance -- ESI electrospray ion -- HRT Hormone replacement therapy -- E2 estradiol; Ethnopharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosie -- Périodiques; Herbes -- Périodiques; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114318
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-8741

Abstract

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Chickpea was used in both greek and indian traditional medicine for hormonal related conditions as menstrual induction, acceleration of parturation, treatment of retained placenta and stimulation of lactation. Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ) sprout isoflavone isolates exhibited reasonable estrogenic activities. Isoflavones, a subtype of phytoestrogens, are plant derivatives with moderate estrogenic activity that tend to have protective effects on hormonal and metabolic abnormalities of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Aim of the study: In this study, we investigated the effect of UPLC/ESI-MS characterized Cicer arietinum L. seeds ethanol extract (CSE) on ovarian hormones, oxidative response and ovarian histological changes on induced PCOS rat model. Materials and methods: Thirty-five rats were divided into five groups including negative control, PCOS, and treatment groups. PCOS was induced using letrozole (1 mg/kg) daily orally for 21 days. Each treatment group was treated with one of the following for 28 days after induction of PCOS: clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg), and CSE at 250 and 500 mg/kg. Ovaries and uteri were excised, weighed and their sections were used for quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, antioxidant assays and histomorphometric study of the ovaries. The antioxidant assays, histopathological examination, hormonal and metabolic profiles, and Cyp11a1(steroidogenic enzyme) mRNA expression were measured. Results: In all treatment groups, ovarian weight was significantly decreased despite having no significant effect on uterine weight. Histomorphometric study in the treatment groups revealed a significant decrease in the number and diameter of cystic follicles, a significant increase in granulosa cell thickness while, thickness of theca cells was significantly decreased when compared to PCOS. Hormone levels, metabolic profile and antioxidant status were improved in the treatment groups. Moreover, Cyp11a1 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in the treatment groups compared to PCOS. Conclusions: In the current study, CSE enhanced the reproductive and metabolic disorders which were associated with PCOS induction. For the first time, we have highlighted the effect of CSE in treating PCOS and its associated manifestations. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: UPLC-MS 2 analysis procured the detection of 35 metabolites in CSE ( Cicer arietinum seeds extract). Formononetin and biochanin A were the major identified isoflavones in CSE. CSE amended lipid profile, oxidative stress and blood glucose and in letrozole induced PCOS in rats. CSE improved sex hormones, restored estrus cyclicity and prevented ovarian damage. CSE increased Ki-67 in granulosa cells and downregulated Cyp11a1 mRNA expression in ovarian tissue.