Change in marijuana use and its associated factors among persons living with HIV (PLWH) during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a prospective cohort. (1st August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Yan; Ibañez, Gladys E.; Vaddiparti, Krishna; Stetten, Nichole E.; Sajdeya, Ruba; Porges, Eric C.; Cohen, Ronald A.; Cook, Robert L.
• Is Part Of: Drug and alcohol dependence. Volume 225(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-08-01
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -- Marijuana -- Cannabis; Drug abuse -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; 616.86
• DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108770
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0376-8716

Abstract

Highlights: We examined changes in marijuana use in PLWH during the COVID-19 pandemic. 45 % of PLWH reported either increased or decreased marijuana use. Those with PTSD at baseline were more than twice as likely to increase use. Worse mental health during the pandemic was also associated with increased use. Low risk perception of marijuana use was also associated with increased use. Abstract: Background: Emerging literature shows increased drug use during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, limited research has examined the change in marijuana use among persons living with HIV (PLWH). This study aimed to investigate how marijuana use changed in a cohort of PLWH during the first year of the pandemic and identify factors associated with the change. Method: 222 PLWH (mean age = 50.2 ± 11.2, 50.9 % female, 14.5 % Hispanic, 64.7 % Black, 15.8 % White, 5 % other, 80.2 % persons using marijuana [at least weekly use], 19.8 % persons not using marijuana) completed a baseline survey on demographics and behavioral/health characteristics between 2018 and 2020 and a brief phone survey between May and October 2020 that assessed changes in marijuana use and overall/mental health, and perceived risks/benefits of marijuana use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: During the pandemic, 64/222(28.8 %) of the whole sample reported increased marijuana use, 36(16.2 %) reported decreased use, and 122(55 %) reported no change. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated that: Compared to those reporting no change, increased marijuana use during the pandemic was associated with more frequent marijuana use and PTSD symptoms at baseline, worsened mental health during the pandemic, and not perceiving marijuana use as a risk factor for COVID-19 infection. More frequent marijuana use at baseline was the only factor significantly associated with decreased marijuana use during the pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes in marijuana use among a considerable proportion (45 %) of PLWH. Future research is needed to understand the temporality of the increases in marijuana use with worsening mental health.