PPAR-γ Impairment Alters Peroxisome Functionality in Primary Astrocyte Cell Cultures. (4th March 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Di Cesare Mannelli, Lorenzo; Zanardelli, Matteo; Micheli, Laura; Ghelardini, Carla
• Other Names: Angeloni Cristina Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: BioMed research international. Volume 2014(2014)
• Publication Date: 2014-03-04
• Subjects: Medicine -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Life sciences -- Periodicals; 610.5
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/546453
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2314-6133

Abstract

Abstract : Peroxisomes provide glial cells with protective functions against the harmful effects of H2 O2 on neurons and peroxisome impairment results in nervous lesions. Agonists of the γ -subtype of the Peroxisome-Proliferator-Activated-Receptors (PPAR) have been proposed as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Nevertheless, the role of PPAR- γ alterations in pathophysiological mechanisms and the relevance of peroxisome functions in the PPAR- γ effects are not yet clear. In a primary cell culture of rat astrocytes, the irreversible PPAR- γ antagonist GW9662 concentration-dependently decreased the activity of catalase, the most important antioxidant defense enzyme in peroxisomes. Catalase functionality recovered in a few days and the PPAR- γ agonist rosiglitazone promoted reversal of enzymatic damage. The reversible antagonist G3335 reduced both the activity and expression of catalase in a rosiglitazone-prevented manner. G3335 reduced also the glutathione reductase expression, indicating that enzyme involved in glutathione regeneration was compromised. Neither the PPAR- α target gene Acyl-Coenzyme-A-oxidase-1 nor the mitochondrial detoxifying enzyme NADH:ubiquinone-oxidoreductase (NDFUS3) was altered by PPAR- γ inhibition. In conclusion, PPAR- γ inhibition induced impairment of catalase in astrocytes. A general decrease of the antioxidant defenses of the cell suggests that a PPAR- γ hypofunction could participate in neurodegenerative mechanisms through peroxisomal damage. This series of experiments could be a useful model for studying compounds able to restore peroxisome functionality.