High‐Energy Rechargeable Metallic Lithium Battery at −70 °C Enabled by a Cosolvent Electrolyte. Issue 17 (26th March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dong, Xiaoli; Lin, Yuxiao; Li, Panlong; Ma, Yuanyuan; Huang, Jianhang; Bin, Duan; Wang, Yonggang; Qi, Yue; Xia, Yongyao
• Is Part Of: Angewandte Chemie international edition. Volume 58:Issue 17(2019)
• Page Start: 5623
• Page End: 5627
• Publication Date: 2019-03-26
• Subjects: co-solvent electrolyte -- high energy density -- lithium-metal batteries -- low temperature; Chemistry -- Periodicals; 540
• DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900266
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1433-7851

Abstract

Abstract: Lithium metal is an ideal anode for high‐energy rechargeable batteries at low temperature, yet hindered by the electrochemical instability with the electrolyte. Concentrated electrolytes can improve the oxidative/reductive stability, but encounter high viscosity. Herein, a co‐solvent formulation was designed to resolve the dilemma. By adding electrochemically "inert" dichloromethane (DCM) as a diluent in concentrated ethyl acetate (EA)‐based electrolyte, the co‐solvent electrolyte demonstrated a high ionic conductivity (0.6 mS cm −1 ), low viscosity (0.35 Pa s), and wide range of potential window (0–4.85 V) at −70 °C. Spectral characterizations and simulations show these unique properties are associated with the co‐solvation structure, in which high‐concentration clusters of salt in the EA solvent were surrounded by mobile DCM diluent. Overall, this novel electrolyte enabled rechargeable metallic Li battery with high energy (178 Wh kg −1 ) and power (2877 W kg −1 ) at −70 °C. Abstract : Batteries in a cold climate : A cosolvent electrolyte with a unique cosolvation structure, has a wide stable electrochemical window (0–4.85 V), sufficient ionic conductivity (0.6 mS cm −1 ), and low viscosity (0.35 Pa s) at −70 °C, which facilitated preparation of a rechargeable metallic lithium battery for use in extreme temperatures with a high energy density of 178 Wh kg −1 at −70 °C.