Phase‐Change‐Material‐Based Low‐Loss Visible‐Frequency Hyperbolic Metamaterials for Ultrasensitive Label‐Free Biosensing. Issue 12 (12th April 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sreekanth, Kandammathe Valiyaveedu; Ouyang, Qingling; Sreejith, Sivaramapanicker; Zeng, Shuwen; Lishu, Wu; Ilker, Efe; Dong, Weiling; ElKabbash, Mohamed; Ting, Yu; Lim, Chwee Teck; Hinczewski, Michael; Strangi, Giuseppe; Yong, Ken‐Tye; Simpson, Robert E.; Singh, Ranjan
• Is Part Of: Advanced optical materials. Volume 7:Issue 12(2019)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2019-04-12
• Subjects: Goos–Hänchen shift -- hyperbolic metamaterials -- label‐free biosensing -- phase change chalcogenides -- visible frequencies; Optical materials -- Periodicals; Photonics -- Periodicals; 620.11295
• DOI: 10.1002/adom.201900081
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2195-1071

Abstract

Abstract: Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) have emerged as a burgeoning field of research over the past few years as their dispersion can be easily engineered in different spectral regions using various material combinations. Even though HMMs have comparatively low optical loss due to a single resonance, the noble‐metal‐based HMMs are limited by their strong energy dissipation in metallic layers at visible frequencies. Here, the fabrication of noble‐metal‐free reconfigurable HMMs for visible photonic applications is experimentally demonstrated. The low‐loss and active HMMs are realized by combining titanium nitride (TiN) and stibnite (Sb2 S3 ) as the phase change material. A reconfigurable plasmonic biosensor platform based on active Sb2 S3 –TiN HMMs is proposed, and it is shown that significant improvement in sensitivity is possible for small molecule detection at low concentrations. In addition, a plasmonic apta‐biosensor based on a hybrid platform of graphene and Sb2 S3 –TiN HMM is developed and the detection and real‐time binding of thrombin concentration as low as 1 × 10 −15 m are demonstrated. A biosensor operating in the visible range has several advantages including the availability of sources and detectors in this region, and ease of operation particularly for point‐of‐care applications. Abstract : A reconfigurable and low‐loss hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) based on titanium nitride (TiN) and phase‐change chalcogenide such as stibnite Sb2 S3 is proposed for visible photonics and its application for ultrasensitive label‐free biosensing is presented. By switching the structural phase of Sb2 S3 in the TiN–Sb2 S3 HMM from amorphous to crystalline, a Goos–Hänchen shift enhanced reconfigurable sensing is demonstrated.