Trends in the prevalence and incidence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in Iran: findings from KERCADRS. Issue 3 (1st July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Najafipour, Hamid; Shahrokhabadi, Mohadeseh Shojaei; Banivaheb, Ghodsyeh; Sabahi, Abdolreza; Shadkam, Mitra; Mirzazadeh, Ali
• Is Part Of: Family medicine and community health. Volume 9:Issue 3(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-07-01
• Subjects: depression -- cardiovascular diseases -- community medicine -- mental health -- epidemiology; Family medicine -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; Family medicine; Public health; Family Practice; Community Health Services; General Practice; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Periodical; 610.5
• DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2021-000937
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2305-6983

Abstract

Abstract : Objectives: Anxiety and depression (A&D) are common mental disorders with high economical and health burdens. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the incidence rate of A&D symptoms and their relationship with sociodemographic and other risk factors and comorbidities in adults living in southeastern Iran. Design: A population-based cohort study with random cluster household survey sampling method. Setting: Second round of Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors Study (KERCADRS) (2014–2018) performed in Southeastern, Iran. Participants: We recruited 9997 participants (15–80 years) in the second round of the study, from whom 2820 persons were the people who also participated in the first round of KERCADRS in 2009–2012. The age-standardised A&D prevalence was measured among all participants, and the 5-year A&D incidence rate was measured in those who were free from A&D in the first round in 2009–2012 and were at risk of A&D in the follow-up. The relationship between A&D and demographic characteristics, smoking, opium use, obesity and physical activity was assessed by logistic regression models. Results: Overall, the prevalence of anxiety (48.1% to 16.4%, p<0.001) and depression (5.9% to 1.3%, p<0.001) decreased between the two rounds. The highest prevalence of anxiety was among widowed (31.4%), unemployed (21.3%), obese (19.4%), and opium users (17.4%). Young adults, women, those divorced or widowed, and those with obesity and low physical activity had a higher chance of developing anxiety. The 5-year incidence rate (person/1000 person-years) was 15.0 for anxiety and 3.9 for depression. Conclusion: Despite the overall decrease in the prevalence of A&D symptoms in last 5 years in the area, young adults, women, unemployed, opium users, people with low physical activity and those with obesity had a higher chance of developing anxiety and are in need of more targeted interventions.