Enabling runtime flexibility in data-centric and data-driven process execution engines. Issue 101 (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Andrews, Kevin; Steinau, Sebastian; Reichert, Manfred
• Is Part Of: Information systems. Issue 101(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: Business process flexibility -- Ad-hoc change -- Object-aware processes -- Data-centric processes -- Data-driven processes; Database management -- Periodicals; Electronic data processing -- Periodicals; Bases de données -- Gestion -- Périodiques; Informatique -- Périodiques; Database management; Electronic data processing; Periodicals; 005.7
• DOI: 10.1016/j.is.2019.101447
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4379

Abstract

Abstract: Contemporary process management systems support users during the execution of predefined business processes. However, when unforeseen situations occur, which are not part of the process model serving as the template for process execution, contemporary technology is often unable to offer adequate user support. One solution to this problem is to allow for ad-hoc changes to process models, i.e., changes that may be applied on the fly to a running process instance. As opposed to the widespread activity-centric process modeling paradigm, for which the support of instance-specific ad-hoc changes is well researched, albeit not properly supported by most commercial process engines, there is no corresponding support for ad-hoc changes in other process support paradigms, such as artifact-centric or object-aware process management. This article presents concepts for supporting ad-hoc changes in data-centric and data-driven processes, and gives insights into the challenges to be tackled when implementing this kind of process flexibility in the PHILharmonicFlows process execution engine. We evaluated the concepts by implementing a proof-of-concept prototype and applying it to various scenarios. The development of advanced flexibility features is highly relevant for data-centric processes, as the research field is generally perceived as having low maturity compared to activity-centric processes. Highlights: We provide a set of concepts, algorithms, and implementation details that enable ad-hoc changes to object-aware processes. We detail how we ensure correctness of changes and how to reconstruct a consistent process state after their introduction. We suggest extensions to the ad-hoc concept that ensure its performance in scenarios with large numbers of process instances.