Transparent, Compliant 3D Mesostructures for Precise Evaluation of Mechanical Characteristics of Organoids. Issue 25 (13th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ryu, Hanjun; Park, Yoonseok; Luan, Haiwen; Dalgin, Gokhan; Jeffris, Kira; Yoon, Hong‐Joon; Chung, Ted S.; Kim, Jong Uk; Kwak, Sung Soo; Lee, Geumbee; Jeong, Hyoyoung; Kim, Jihye; Bai, Wubin; Kim, Joohee; Jung, Yei Hwan; Tryba, Andrew K.; Song, Joseph W.; Huang, Yonggang; Philipson, Louis H.; Finan, John D.; Rogers, John A.
• Is Part Of: Advanced materials. Volume 33:Issue 25(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-05-13
• Subjects: 3D mesostructures -- mechanical buckling -- organoids -- viscoelastic properties, Young's modulus; Materials -- Periodicals; Chemical vapor deposition -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100026
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0935-9648

Abstract

Abstract: Recently developed methods for transforming 2D patterns of thin‐film materials into 3D mesostructures create many interesting opportunities in microsystems design. A growing area of interest is in multifunctional thermal, electrical, chemical, and optical interfaces to biological tissues, particularly 3D multicellular, millimeter‐scale constructs, such as spheroids, assembloids, and organoids. Herein, examples of 3D mechanical interfaces are presented, in which thin ribbons of parylene‐C form the basis of transparent, highly compliant frameworks that can be reversibly opened and closed to capture, envelop, and mechanically restrain fragile 3D tissues in a gentle, nondestructive manner, for precise measurements of viscoelastic properties using techniques in nanoindentation. Finite element analysis serves as a design tool to guide selection of geometries and material parameters for shape‐matching 3D architectures tailored to organoids of interest. These computational approaches also quantitate all aspects of deformations during the processes of opening and closing the structures and of forces imparted by them onto the surfaces of enclosed soft tissues. Studies of cerebral organoids by nanoindentation show effective Young's moduli in the range from 1.5 to 2.5 kPa depending on the age of the organoid. This collection of results suggests broad utility of compliant 3D mesostructures in noninvasive mechanical measurements of millimeter‐scale, soft biological tissues. Abstract : 3D mesostructures are designed to mechanically and reversibly constrain organoids for measurements of their viscoelastic properties. Finite element analysis guides the selection of 3D layouts to grasp organoids with minimal force, without damage to the tissues. Nanoindentation applied directly to organoids gently held within these 3D structures allows for accurate and repeated measurements of force/displacement data. Changes in mechanical characteristics induced by drugs highlight responses to the chemical environment, as an application example.