The emerging roles of exosomes in autoimmune diseases, with special emphasis on microRNAs in exosomes. (July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Miao, Chenggui; Wang, Xiao; Zhou, Wanwan; Huang, Jinling
• Is Part Of: Pharmacological research. Volume 169(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-07
• Subjects: miRNAs microRNAs -- RA rheumatoid arthritis -- FLSs fibroblast-like synoviocytes -- SLE systemic lupus erythematosus -- SSc systemic sclerosis -- AITD autoimmune thyroiditis -- LN lupus nephritis -- LLDAS Lupus Low Disease Activity State -- HRQoL health-related quality of life -- CR clinical remission -- CRP C-reactive protein -- RF rheumatoid factor -- ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate -- Tregs regulatory T cells -- CIA collagen-induced arthritis -- RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand -- OPG osteoprotegerin -- EPC sendothelial progenitor cells -- HMVECs human dermal microvascular ECs -- MSCs mesenchymal stem cells -- Id1 inhibitor of DNA binding 1 -- DTH Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity -- Fox-P3 forkhead box P3 -- Exo-150 miR-150–5p exosomes -- BMSCs marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells -- RAC2 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 -- EC endothelial cells -- BMMs bone marrow-derived macrophages -- G-MDSCs granulocytic-myeloid derived suppressor cells -- 2D-DIGE two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis -- TLR3 Toll-like receptor 3 -- LYVE-1 lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1 -- non-CR non-clinical remission -- CI chronic index -- pDCs plasmacytoid DCs -- JDM Juvenile dermatomyositis -- HAEC human aortic endothelial cells -- dSSc diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis -- IFN-γ-Exo IFN-γ treated Nthy-ori 3–1 cell-derived exosomes -- DCExo Exo-targeted DCs -- DCIFN-γ-Exo IFN-γ-Exo-targeted DCs -- PSMA7 proteasome subunit alpha type 7 -- IBD inflammatory bowel disease -- VDZ Vedolizumab -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- DSS Dextran sulphate sodium -- DAI disease activity index -- SOD superoxide dismutase; Autoimmune diseases -- Exosomes -- MicroRNA -- Rheumatoid arthritis -- Systemic lupus erythematosus; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Médicaments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Pharmacologie -- Périodiques; 615.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105680
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-6618

Abstract

Abstract: Autoimmune diseases include rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic vasculitis, dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis (SSc), mixed connective tissue disease, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune thyroiditis (AITD) and ulcerative colitis. Exosomes exist in body fluids, including blood, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and milk. They are mainly derived from the invagination of intracellular lysosomal particles, which are released into the extracellular matrix after fusion of the outer membrane of the exosomes with the cell membrane. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication and regulate the biological activity of receptor cells by carrying proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Evidences show that exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. In view of the important roles of exosomes in autoimmune diseases, this work systematically reviewed the effects of exosomes on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, especially the regulatory roles of exosome derived microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of RA, SLE, dermatomyositis, SSc, AITD and ulcerative colitis. The review of the roles of exosomes in autoimmune diseases will help to clarify the pathogenesis of these diseases and explore new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Graphical Abstract: ga1 Highlights: Exosomes mediate intercellular communication and regulate biological activity. Exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. This work systematically reviews the roles of exosomes in autoimmune diseases. Exosomes derived miRNAs mediate the roles of exosomes.