A comparison of energy policies of Pakistan and their impact on bioenergy development. (August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ali, Zulfiqar; Liaquat, Rabia; Husain Khoja, Asif; Safdar, Umair
• Is Part Of: Sustainable energy technologies and assessments. Volume 46(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-08
• Subjects: AEDB Alternative energy development board -- ARE Alternative and renewable energy -- CDM Clean development mechanism -- DGNER Directorate general of new and renewable resources -- ECC Economic coordination committee -- EIA Energy information agency -- FIDA Foundation for Integrated Development Action -- HEC Higher education commission -- ICB International competitive bidding -- IEA International energy agency -- IPP Independent power producer -- MNRE Ministry of new and renewable energy (India) -- NBM National biofuel mission -- NEPRA National electric power regulatory authority -- NGO Non-governmental organization -- PCAT Pakistan council of appropriate technology -- PCRET Pakistan council of renewable energy technologies -- PDBP Pakistan domestic biogas program -- PDDC Pakistan dairy development center -- PSDP Public sector development program -- PV Photo-voltaic -- RE Renewable Energy -- RET Renewable energy technology -- RSPN Rural support program network -- PPIB Private power infrastructure board -- TOE Tones of Oil Equivalent; Bioenergy -- Bioenergy policy -- Bioenergy policy evaluation -- Pakistan; Renewable energy sources -- Periodicals; Energy development -- Technological innovations -- Periodicals; Electric power production -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Periodicals; 333.79
• DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2021.101246
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2213-1388

Abstract

Abstract: Worldwide modern-bioenergy is getting more attention in terms of policy-support and deployment, however in Pakistan, this resource is not being used to its fullest. Though traditional biomass is being used by most of the rural population, but the use of modern biomass as an energy source is dismally low, which is a result of poor policymaking and its implementation. During the 1970s the first initiative was taken for the development of small scale (household/community level) bioenergy projects in Pakistan. Later, policies were enacted to utilize the bioenergy resources, especially bagasse-powered bioenergy generation. This study reviewed the policies for their effectiveness in the development of bioenergy in Pakistan. Policies are compared for different aspects, including regulatory, fiscal, political and institutional. Furthermore, effectiveness is compared in terms of energy security, environmental impact, economic impact, and energy equity. The comparison has been made based on a total of 26 parameters. Finally, the study presents the challenges and recommendations for policy-making, in Pakistan, for maximum utilization of bioenergy.