KOH modification effectively enhances the Cd and Pb adsorption performance of N-enriched biochar derived from waste chicken feathers. (1st July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chen, Huayi; Yang, Xingjian; Liu, Yonglin; Lin, Xueming; Wang, Jinjin; Zhang, Zhen; Li, Na; Li, Yongtao; Zhang, Yulong
• Is Part Of: Waste management. Volume 130(2021)
• Page Start: 82
• Page End: 92
• Publication Date: 2021-07-01
• Subjects: Co-adsorption -- Heavy metal -- Keratin waste -- N-enriched biomass -- Surface functional groups; Hazardous wastes -- Periodicals; Refuse and refuse disposal -- Periodicals; 363.728
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.05.015
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-053X

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: KOH-modified N-enriched biochar was successfully produced from chicken feathers. KNB had higher Cd (2 h) and Pb (1 h) adsorption rates and capacities than NB. KNB was stable at pH 3–6 and had stronger Cd and Pb co-adsorption capacities. Electrostatic, cation-π interactions, complexation and K + exchange explain sorption. Graphitic-N, oxidised-N, and OCO were the main active adsorption groups. Abstract: Waste chicken feathers are the ideal precursor for the production of low-cost N-enriched biochar. KOH-modified N-enriched biochar (KNB) containing 15.92 wt% N was successfully prepared using waste chicken feathers. The adsorption kinetics results showed that KNB had rapid Cd (2 h) and Pb (1 h) adsorption rates. The Cd and Pb adsorption capacities of KNB (the values of KF were 22.324 (Cd) and 119.654 (Pb) mg 1−(1/n) ·L 1/n ·g −1 ) were 7.07 and 26.52 times higher than those of the original biochar based on the adsorption isotherm results. The KNB was stable at pH 3–6 and had stronger co-adsorption capacities in double-ion systems. Based on the adsorption experiments and various characterization methods, we concluded that the primary Cd and Pb adsorption mechanisms of KNB involved electrostatic interactions, cation-π interactions, complexation, and K + exchange. The precipitation mechanism could partially account for Pb adsorption but not for Cd adsorption. KOH modification enhanced the electronegativity of biochar and then increased the electrostatic attraction. Surface O- and N-containing functional groups were involved in Cd and Pb adsorption. Graphitic-N, oxidised-N, and OCO were the main active adsorption groups, the relative contents of which increased after KOH modification, thus increasing the Cd and Pb adsorption performance. Therefore, KNB can be used as a fast and highly efficient adsorption agent to remove Cd and Pb from wastewater containing either Cd and Pb or a combination of these two metals.