Association of short- and long-latency afferent inhibition with human behavior. Issue 7 (July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Turco, Claudia V.; Toepp, Stephen L.; Foglia, Stevie D.; Dans, Patrick W.; Nelson, Aimee J.
• Is Part Of: Clinical neurophysiology. Volume 132:Issue 7(2021)
• Page Start: 1462
• Page End: 1480
• Publication Date: 2021-07
• Subjects: Transcranial magnetic stimulation -- TMS -- SAI -- LAI -- Motor learning -- Cognition; AD Alzheimer's Disease -- ADM Abductor Digiti Minimi -- ALS Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- AP Anterior-Posterior -- APB Abductor Pollicis Brevis -- BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor -- CADASIL Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy -- D2 Digit 2 -- D5 Digit 5 -- DLPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex -- FCR Flexor Carpi Radialis -- FDI First Dorsal Interosseous -- FHD Focal Hand Dystonia -- fMRI functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- GABAA gamma aminobutyric acid type A -- GOT Grating Orientation Task -- HD Huntington's Disease -- ICC Intraclass Correlation Coefficient -- IHI Interhemispheric Inhibition -- ISI Inter-Stimulus Interval -- LAI Long-latency Afferent Inhibition -- LICI Long-Interval Intracortical Inhibition -- M1 Primary Motor Cortex -- MCI Mild Cognitive Impairment -- MEP Motor-Evoked Potential -- MMSE Mini Mental State Examination -- MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment -- MRS Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- MS Multiple Sclerosis -- MSO Maximum Stimulator Output -- MVC Maximum Voluntary Contraction -- NMES Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation -- NPH Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus -- OSA Obstructive Sleep Apnea -- PA Posterior-Anterior -- PAS Paired Associative Stimulation -- PD Parkinson's Disease -- PTSD Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder -- REM Rapid Eye Movement -- rTMS repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation -- S1 Primary Somatosensory Cortex -- SAI Short-latency Afferent Inhibition -- SDC Smallest Detectable Change -- SEP Somatosensory-Evoked Potential -- SICI Short-Interval Intracortical Inhibition -- SNAP Sensory Nerve Action Potential -- tACS transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation -- TMS Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation -- TOJ Temporal Order Judgement -- UHDRS Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale -- UPDRS Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale -- VR Virtual Reality -- WKS Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome; Neurophysiology -- Periodicals; Electroencephalography -- Periodicals; Electromyography -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.02.402
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1388-2457

Abstract

Highlights: Afferent inhibition is evoked by conditioning TMS with peripheral nerve stimulation. The relationship between afferent inhibition and human behaviour in healthy and special populations is examined. The role of SAI and LAI in motor versus cognitive function is reviewed. Abstract: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paired with nerve stimulation evokes short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), which are non-invasive assessments of the excitability of the sensorimotor system. SAI and LAI are abnormally reduced in various special populations in comparison to healthy controls. However, the relationship between afferent inhibition and human behavior remains unclear. The purpose of this review is to survey the current literature and synthesize observations and patterns that affect the interpretation of SAI and LAI in the context of human behavior. We discuss human behaviour across the motor and cognitive domains, and in special and control populations. Further, we discuss future considerations for research in this field and the potential for clinical applications. By understanding how human behavior is mediated by changes in SAI and LAI, this can allow us to better understand the neurophysiological underpinnings of human motor control.