The graceful art, significant function and wide application behavior of ultrasound research and understanding in carbamazepine (CBZ) enhanced removal and degradation by Fe0/PDS/US. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wei, Wei; Zhou, Dong; Feng, Li; Li, Xuhao; Hu, Lijun; Zheng, Huaili; Wang, Yinli
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 278(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: Ultrasound -- Zerovalent iron -- Potassium persulfate -- Active radicals -- Carbamazepine removal -- pH; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130368
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Carbamazepine (CBZ) antibiotic organic contamination wastewater poses a huge threat to environmental safety. An advanced oxidation technology (Fe 0 /PDS/US) of using ultrasound (US) enhanced zero-valent iron/potassium persulfate (Fe 0 /PDS) can remove CBZ effectively. The optimal reaction conditions were determined by exploring the effect of single-factor experimental conditions such as ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency, CBZ concentration, solution pH, PDS dosage, and Fe 0 dosage on the removal of CBZ. In addition, we also investigated into the effect of background ions (PO4 3−, HCO3 −, Cl − and HA) on Fe 0 /PDS/US and analyzed the related results. The mechanism of CBZ removal in Fe 0 /PDS/US were explored by analyzing CBZ removal efficiency and reaction rates, the ion concentration of S2 O8 2−, SO4 2−, Fe 2+ and Fe 3+, pH and the active radicals. The result indicates that US can improve the efficiency of activated PDS and expand the pH range of Fe 0 /PDS. It has prominent performance in catalytically degrading CBZ when the pH is 10.0. SO4 -, OH and O2 - all coexist in the Fe 0 /PDS/US and make contribution to CBZ removal, whereas the S O 4 − plays a key role. US can greatly promotes the degradation of target pollutant CBZ by speeding up the dissolution of the outer portion of iron powder, producing sufficient amount of Fe 2+ with a continuous and stable way, and better activating S2 O8 2− to generate sufficient S O 4 − radicals. The degradation of CBZ may embrace three reaction processes, in which organic intermediate products with low molecular weight and biological toxicity is produced, boosting further mineralization and biodegradation of products. The Fe 0 /PDS/US is of great potential application value in removal of organic pollution and environmental purification. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Ultrasound (US) significantly enhances CBZ removal in Fe 0 /PDS/US, and expands the pH adaptive range. US makes Fe 0 to produce sufficient amount of Fe 2+ with a continuous and stable way. The intermediate products of CBZ have low molecular weight and biological toxicity. The SO4 . -, OH and O2 - make contribution to CBZ removal, whereas SO4 - plays a key role.