Recent advances in partial denitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation process for mainstream municipal wastewater treatment. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chen, Hong; Tu, Zhi; Wu, Sha; Yu, Guanlong; Du, Chunyan; Wang, Hong; Yang, Enzhe; Zhou, Lu; Deng, Bin; Wang, Dongbo; Li, Hailong
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 278(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: Anammox -- Nitrification -- Biological nitrogen removal -- Mainstream process -- Municipal wastewater treatment -- Partial denitrification; PN partial nitrification -- PD partial denitrification -- PN-AMX partial nitrification-anammox -- PD-AMX partial denitrification-anammox -- BNR biological nitrogen removal -- NH4+-N ammonia nitrogen -- WWTP wastewater treatment plant -- COD chemical oxygen demand -- FA free ammonia -- FNA free nitrous acid -- NO2−-N nitrite nitrogen -- AOB ammonium oxidizing bacteria -- NOB nitrite oxidizing bacteria -- DB denitrifying bacteria -- TN total nitrogen -- NO3−-N nitrate nitrogen -- EPD endogenous partial denitrification -- N2O nitrous oxide -- NADH and NAD+ two forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide -- HRT hydraulic retention time -- Nar membrane-bound nitrate reductase -- Nap periplasmic nitrate reductase -- Nir nitrite reductase -- Ca. Candidatus -- EPS extracellular polymeric substances -- T temperature -- AnAOB anammox bacteria; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130436
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: To solve the bottleneck of the unstable accumulation of nitrite in the partial nitrification (PN)-anammox (AMX) in municipal wastewater treatment, a novel process called partial denitrification (PD)-AMX has been developed. PD-AMX, which is known for cost-efficiency and environmental friendliness, has currently exhibited a promising potential for the removal of biological nitrogen from municipal wastewater and has attracted much research interest regarding its process mechanisms, as well as its practical applications. Here, we review the recent advances in the PD process and its coupling to the anammox process, including the development, basic principles, main characteristics, and critical process parameters of the stable operation of the PD-AMX process. We also explore the microbial community and its characteristics in the system and summarize the knowledge of the dominant bacteria to clarify the key factors affecting PD-AMX. Then, we introduce the engineering feasibility and economic feasibility as well as the potential challenges of the process. The induction and implementation of partial denitrification and maintenance of mainstream anammox are critical issues to be urgently solved. Meanwhile, the implementation of a full mainstream anammox application remains burdensome, while the mechanism of partial denitrification coupled to anammox needs to be further studied. Additionally, stable operation performance and process control 1 methods need to be optimized or developed for the PD-AMX system for better engineering practice. This review can help to accelerate the research and application of the PD-AMX process for municipal wastewater treatment. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: PD-AMX provides a promising alternative for N removal from municipal wastewater. Several strategies have been intensively developed to enrich PD and AMX microbes. DO, pH, T, and C/N ratio are the main factors affecting PD-AMX process. AMX biomass retention can be fulfilled by sludge granulation and biofilm formation.