Disturbed phospholipid metabolism by three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Oryza sativa. (15th August 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Shuang; Liu, Na; Lu, Huijie; Zhu, Lizhong
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 283(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-08-15
• Subjects: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- Phospholipid -- Phospholipase -- Phospholipase-coding genes -- Oryza sativa; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117073
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants in soils that can be readily absorbed by crops, affecting growth and development. Phospholipids (PLs) are essential components of cell membrane and can indicate cellular responses to various organic pollutants. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of phospholipid metabolism based regulation employed by crops in response to PAHs stresses remains elusive. This study characterized the accumulation patterns of representative PAHs, namely phenanthrene (PHEN), pyrene (PY), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in rice ( Oryza sativa ) . Crop's responses to PAHs via the regulation of phospholipid metabolism were also explored. PHEN exhibited the highest accumulation in both roots and shoots, followed by PY and BaP, despite PY exhibited much greater phytotoxicity than the other two PAHs. The exposure to 10–500 μg/L PY resulted in downregulations of the phospholipase A2 genes PLA 2 -3, PLA 2 -4, and PLA 2 -6 (to 19% of the control without exposure) and phospholipase C genes PLC-1, PLC-2, and PLC-4 (to 50% of the control), consistent with the changes in phospholipase activity. The contents of typical PLs, including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidic acid also decreased to a greater extent than those in the PHEN- and BaP-exposed groups. These were the major reasons for the relatively high phytotoxicity of PY, in terms of growth inhibition and cell membrane damage. These findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of crop responses to PAHs and provide insights into risk assessment of soil PAH contamination, which hold potentials in improving food safety and quality worldwide. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Pyrene exhibited a greater toxicity on rice than phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene. Pyrene induced severe cell membrane damage and reduced phospholipids contents. Pyrene significantly inhibited the phospholipase A2 and C genes expressions.