Non-flavonoid polyphenols in osteoporosis: preclinical evidence. (July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bellavia, Daniele; Caradonna, Fabio; Dimarco, Eufrosina; Costa, Viviana; Carina, Valeria; De Luca, Angela; Raimondi, Lavinia; Fini, Milena; Gentile, Carla; Giavaresi, Gianluca
• Is Part Of: Trends in endocrinology and metabolism. Volume 32:Number 7(2021)
• Page Start: 515
• Page End: 529
• Publication Date: 2021-07
• Subjects: polyphenolic compounds -- epigenetics -- osteoporosis -- osteoblast -- osteoclast -- bone erosive diseases; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Metabolism; 616.4
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.03.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-2760

Abstract

Abstract : The development of progressive osteopenia and osteoporosis (OP) is due to the imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation, determining a lower bone resistance, major risks of fractures, with consequent pain and functional limitations. Flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, have been extensively studied for their therapeutic activities against bone resorption, but less attention has been given to a whole series of molecules belonging to the polyphenolic compounds. However, these classes have begun to be studied for the treatment of OP. In this systematic review, comprehensive information is provided on non-flavonoid polyphenolic compounds, and we highlight pathways implicated in the action of these molecules that act often epigenetically, and their possible use for OP treatment and prevention. Highlights: No clinical data or ongoing clinical trials are present in literature on single non-flavonoid polyphenols. All non-flavonoid polyphenols act by promoting bone deposition and inhibiting bone resorption. All non-flavonoid polyphenol compounds reduce oxidative stress, favouring bone deposition and inhibiting resorption, regulating bone tissue homeostasis. Non-flavonoid polyphenols act through several mechanisms, such as epigenetic regulation through deacetylases and miRNAs. Non-flavonoid polyphenols act both by enhancing osteoblast differentiation and activities and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activities.