Formation and control of disinfection by-products from iodinated contrast media attenuation through sequential treatment processes of ozone-low pressure ultraviolet light followed by chlorination. (September 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lopez-Prieto, Israel J.; Park, Minkyu; AzadiAghdam, Mojtaba; Pan, Hongrui; Jones, Sara L.; Snyder, Shane A.
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 278(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-09
• Subjects: Pre-ozonation -- UV photolysis -- Chlorine disinfection -- Iopamidol attenuation -- Iodinated-disinfection by-products; chloroform (CF) -- dichloroiodomethane (DCIM) -- chlorodiiodomethane (CDIM) -- iodoform (IF) -- tichloroacetonitrile (TCACN) -- chloroacetonitrile (CACN) -- dichloroacetonitrile (DCACN) -- iodoacetonitrile (IACN) -- choralhydrates (CH) -- 1, 1-dichloro-2-propano (1, 1-DCP) -- 1, 1, 1-trichloro-2-propano (1, 1, 1-TCP) -- dichloroacetamide (DCACM) -- trichloroacetamide (TCACM) -- chloroiodoacetamide (CIACM); Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130394
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Abstract: Different groups of disinfection by-products (DBPs) were studied through the degradation of iopamidol by the sequential oxidation process of ozone-low pressure ultraviolet light (O3 -LPUV) followed by chlorination. This paper investigates the attenuation of iopamidol under this sequential treatment and the effect of chlorine contact time (30 min versus 3 days) to control the formation potential of DBPs: trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs). Thirty target DBPs among the 9 iodinated-DBPs (I-DBPs), were monitored throughout the sequential treatment. Results showed that O3 -LPUV removed up to 99% of iopamidol, while ozone and LPUV alone removed only 90% and 76% respectively. After chlorine addition, O3 -LPUV yielded 56% lower I-DBPs than LPUV. Increasing chlorine contact time resulted in higher concentrations of all DBP groups (THMs, HANs, and HAMs), with the exception of I-DBPs. One new iodinated-haloacetamide, namely chloroiodoacetamide (CIACM) and one iodoacetonitrile (IACN) were detected. These results suggest the iodine incorporated in iopamidol may be a precursor for iodinated-nitrogenous-DBPs, which are currently not well studied. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: O3 -LPUV-Cl2 controlled better formation of I-DBPs than LPUV-Cl2 . Iopamidol is an organic precursor for iodo-haloacetamides. Iodoacetonitrile and chloroiodoacetamide were detected in each treatment.