Review of frequency stability services for grid balancing with wind generation. Issue 15 (3rd September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Boyle, James; Littler, Timothy; Foley, Aoife
• Is Part Of: Journal of engineering. Volume 2018:Issue 15(2018)
• Page Start: 1061
• Page End: 1065
• Publication Date: 2018-09-03
• Subjects: power generation control -- wind turbines -- power generation faults -- power control -- power grids -- turbogenerators -- frequency response -- frequency stability -- wind power plants -- frequency control -- power system stability; wind generation -- active power control -- grid generation -- grid balancing services -- synchronous thermal generating units -- wind penetration levels increase -- wind turbine generators -- robust frequency stability services -- reliable frequency stability services -- grid operators -- renewable generation -- solar photovoltaic generation -- power electronic converters -- nonsynchronous connection -- natural inertia -- grid frequency -- nonsynchronous generation -- automatic generation control -- WTG frequency response systems -- conventional synchronous thermal generators -- power system simulations -- load/generation imbalance -- modern variable speed WTG -- system nonsynchronous penetration levels -- WTG power/speed control systems; Engineering -- Periodicals; Engineering; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 620.005
• DOI: 10.1049/joe.2018.0276
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2051-3305

Abstract

Abstract : Frequency stability in power systems is achieved by active power control, which aims to balance grid generation with load demand. Historically, grid balancing services have been provided by synchronous thermal generating units. As wind penetration levels increase on the power system, it is essential that wind turbine generators (WTGs) provide robust, reliable frequency stability services to grid operators. Like other forms of renewable generation such as solar photovoltaic generation, modern variable speed WTGs are connected to the power system using power electronic converters. This non‐synchronous connection decouples the natural inertia of the WTG from the grid frequency. As system non‐synchronous penetration levels increase, non‐synchronous generation will be required to participate in frequency stability services such as automatic generation control. This study presents a review of WTG frequency response systems that allow WTGs to participate in frequency stability services by emulating the natural inertia and droop characteristics of conventional synchronous thermal generators. Power system simulations performed in MATLAB/Simulink show that the addition of emulated inertia and droop controllers into WTG's power/speed control systems can reduce the rate of change of frequency and increase frequency nadir when the power system is subject to a load/generation imbalance.