TET enzymes in neurophysiology and brain function. (July 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Antunes, Cláudia; Sousa, Nuno; Pinto, Luisa; Marques, C. Joana
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 102(2019)
• Page Start: 337
• Page End: 344
• Publication Date: 2019-07
• Subjects: Neuronal plasticity -- Behavior -- Epigenetics -- TET enzymes -- 5hmC; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Highlights: Epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in neuronal plasticity and long-term behaviors. All TET enzymes are expressed in the brain, with TET3 being the most abundant. TET enzymes have high neuronal and low glial expression. Manipulations of each TET enzyme result in unique behavior alterations. Abstract: The dynamic nature of epigenetic DNA modifications is crucial for regulating gene expression in an experience-dependent manner and, thus, a potential mediator of neuronal plasticity and behavior. The discovery of the involvement of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and Ten Eleven Translocation (TET) family of enzymes in the demethylation pathway uncovered a potential link between neuronal TET protein function and cognitive processes. In this review, we provide an overview on how profile of 5hmC and TET enzymes are powerful mechanisms to explain neuronal plasticity and long-term behaviors, such as cognition. More specifically, we discuss how the current knowledge integrates the function of each TET enzyme in neurophysiology and brain function.