Epigenetics in ovarian cancer. (August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Natanzon, Yanina; Goode, Ellen L.; Cunningham, Julie M.
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cancer biology. Volume 51(2018)
• Page Start: 160
• Page End: 169
• Publication Date: 2018-08
• Subjects: 5mC 5- hydroxymethylcytosine -- AML acute myeloid leukemia -- BET bromodomain inhibitors -- CCOC clear cell ovarian cancer -- ctDNA cell-free tumor DNA -- ChIP-on-chip chromatin immunoprecipitation with DNA microarray -- CIMP CpG island methylator phenotype -- CpG cytosine followed by guanine -- DMR differentially methylated regions -- EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition -- ENDOC endometrioid ovarian cancer -- EOC epithelial ovarian cancer -- HGSOC high grade serous ovarian cancer -- HDAC histone deacetylase -- HDACi histone deacetylase inhibitor -- IHC immunohistochemistry -- LGSOC low grade serous ovarian cancer -- MeDIP Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation -- MethylCap-seq methylation-capture sequencing -- MOC mucinous ovarian cancer -- MSP methylation-specific PCR -- NGS next generation sequencing -- PBL peripheral blood leukocytes -- PFS progression free survival -- PTM post-translation modification -- SAHA suberoylamilide hydroxamic acid -- SOC serous ovarian cancer -- TCGA the cancer genome atlas; Ovarian cancer -- DNA methylation -- Chromatin; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Review Literature; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.08.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-579X

Abstract

Abstract: Ovarian cancer is a disease with a poor prognosis and little progress has been made to improve treatment. It is now recognized that there are several histotypes of ovarian cancer, each with distinct epidemiologic and genomic characteristics. Cancer therapy is moving beyond classical chemotherapy to include epigenetic approaches. Epigenetics is the dynamic regulation of gene expression by DNA methylation and histone post translational modification in response to environmental cues. Improvement in technology to study DNA methylation has enabled a more agnostic approach and, with larger samples sets, has begun to unravel how epigenetics contributes to the etiology, response to chemotherapy and prognosis in of ovarian cancer. Investigations into histone modifications in ovarian cancer are more nascent. Much more is needed to be done to fully realize the potential that epigenetics holds for ovarian cancer clinical care.