Dormancy and endosperm presence influence the ex situ conservation potential in central European calcareous grassland plants. Issue 4 (25th June 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tausch, Simone; Leipold, Martin; Reisch, Christoph; Poschlod, Peter
• Editors: Auge, Gabriela
• Is Part Of: AoB plants. Volume 11:Issue 4(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-06-25
• Subjects: Ageing -- grassland -- LiCl -- p50 -- physical dormancy -- physiological dormancy -- seed longevity; Plants -- Periodicals; Botany -- Periodicals; 580.5
• DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz035
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2041-2851

Abstract

Abstract: The preservation of plant species under ex situ conditions in seed banks strongly depends on seed longevity. However, detailed knowledge on this seed ecological aspect is limited and comparative studies from central European habitats are scarce. Therefore, we investigated the seed longevity of 39 calcareous grassland species in order to assess the prospects of ex situ storage of seeds originating from a single, strongly threatened habitat. Seed longevity ( p 50 ) was determined by artificially ageing the seeds under rapid ageing conditions (45 °C and 60 % eRH (equilibrium relative humidity)), testing for germination and calculating survival curves. We consulted seed and germination traits that are expected to be related to seed longevity. P 50 values strongly varied within calcareous grassland species. The p 50 values ranged between 3.4 and 282.2 days. We discovered significantly positive effects of physical dormancy and endosperm absence on p 50 . Physiological dormancy was associated to comparatively short longevity. These relationships remained significant when accounting for phylogenetic effects. Seed mass, seed shape, and seed coat thickness were not associated with longevity. We therefore recommend more frequent viability assessments of stored endospermic, non-physically and physiologically dormant seeds. Abstract : Despite increasing efforts towards habitat and species protection in Europe since the 1990s when the Fauna-Flora-Habitat directive was adopted, the proportion of threatened plant species has steadily increased. One strategy to combat this, according to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, is to conserve threatened plant species in ex situ collections such as seed gene banks. However, the longevity of seeds of wild species under genebanking conditions is not well known. Our study on species from one of the most species-rich and endangered habitats in Europe has shown that there are strong differences in longevity. Concerning seed characters, physical dormancy and endosperm absence were associated with high longevity, whereas physiological dormancy was associated with comparatively short longevity.