Does the temperature of water ingested during exertional-heat stress influence gastrointestinal injury, symptoms, and systemic inflammatory profile?. Issue 8 (August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Snipe, Rhiannon M.J.; Costa, Ricardo J.S.
• Is Part Of: Journal of science and medicine in sport. Volume 21:Issue 8(2018)
• Page Start: 771
• Page End: 776
• Publication Date: 2018-08
• Subjects: Heat -- Running -- Thermoregulation -- Water -- Intestinal fatty acid binding protein -- Gastrointestinal symptoms; Sports sciences -- Periodicals; Sports medicine -- Periodicals; Exercise -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sports -- physiology -- Periodicals; Sports Medicine -- Periodicals; Sportgeneeskunde; 617.102705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.12.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1440-2440

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: The study aimed to determine the effects of temperature of ingested water during exertional-heat stress on gastrointestinal injury, symptoms and systemic inflammatory responses. Design: Randomised cross-over study. Methods: Twelve endurance runners completed 2 h running at 60% v ˙ O2max in 35 °C ambient temperature on three separate occasions, consuming 250 ± 40 mL water before and every 15 min during running at either 0.4 ± 0.4 °C (COLD), 7.3 ± 0.8 °C (COOL), or 22.1 ± 1.2 °C (TEMP). Rectal temperature and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded every 10 min during exercise. Blood was collected pre, immediately and 1 h post-exercise to determine plasma intestinal fatty-acid binding protein (I-FABP), cortisol, and inflammatory cytokine concentrations. Results: Compared to TEMP, COLD and COOL blunted the rise in rectal temperature (2.0 ± 0.5 °C vs. 1.6 ± 0.4 °C and 1.7 ± 0.4 °C, respectively; trial × time, p = 0.033). I-FABP increased post-exercise (419%, p < 0.001), with a trend for reduced I-FABP on COLD and COOL (mean reduction 460 pg mL −1 and 430 pg mL −1, respectively), compared to TEMP ( p = 0.066). No differences were observed between trials for gastrointestinal symptoms, albeit a trend for increased upper-gastrointestinal symptoms on TEMP ( p = 0.087) compared to COLD and COOL was observed. IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-1ra increased post-exercise ( p < 0.05); however no differences were observed between trials. Conclusions: COLD and COOL water ingestion during exertional-heat stress ameliorates thermoregulatory strain compared to TEMP. However, this appears to have no effect on cytokine profile and minimal effect on intestinal epithelial injury and gastrointestinal symptoms.