Assessment of the Vanillin Anti-Inflammatory and Regenerative Potentials in Inflamed Primary Human Gingival Fibroblast. (5th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Costantini, Erica; Sinjari, Bruna; Falasca, Katia; Reale, Marcella; Caputi, Sergio; Jagarlapodii, Srinivas; Murmura, Giovanna
• Other Names: Dias Novaes Rômulo Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Mediators of inflammation. Volume 2021(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-05-05
• Subjects: Inflammation -- Mediators -- Periodicals; Biological response modifiers -- Periodicals; Inflammation (Pathologie) -- Médiateurs; Immunomodulateurs; Biological response modifiers; Inflammation -- Mediators; Immunology; Autacoids; Immunologic Factors; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Communication; Cytokines; Inflammation; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.0473
• DOI: 10.1155/2021/5562340
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0962-9351

Abstract

Abstract : Background . Inflammatory responses have been associated with delayed oral mucosal wound healing and the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. The invasion of microbes into the tissues and the establishment of a chronic infection may be due to impaired healing. The protracted inflammatory phase may delay wound healing and probably support tissue fibrosis and reduce tissue regeneration. Vanillin is a well-known natural compound with potential anti-inflammatory capacity. Hence, we hypothesized that Vanillin could accelerate wound healing reducing inflammation and especially cytokine production making the oral tissue repair process easier. Methods . Our hypothesis was tested using primary human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell pretreated with Vanillin and primed with IL-1 β, as inductor of proinflammatory environment. After 24 hours of treatments, the gene expression and production of IL-6, TNF- α, IL-8, COX-2, iNOS, and nitric oxide (NO) generation and the wound healing rate were determined. Results . In IL-1 β -primed cells, preincubation with Vanillin reduced IL-6, IL-8, COX-2, and iNOS expression and NO release, compared to IL-1 β -primed cells. Moreover, Vanillin determines the increased gene expression of nAChR α 7, leading us to hypothesize a role of Vanillin in the activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Furthermore, in presence of mechanical injury, the Vanillin preincubation, wound closure may be reducing the expression and release of IL-6 and TNF- α and upregulation of COX-2 and IL-8. Conclusion . Together, the results of this study highlight the anti-inflammatory and tissue repair ability of Vanillin in IL-1 β -primed HGF. Therefore, Vanillin shows a potential therapeutic interest as an inflammatory modulator molecule with novel application in periodontal regeneration and oral health.