Dissecting lipid metabolism alterations in SARS-CoV-2. (April 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Casari, Ilaria; Manfredi, Marcello; Metharom, Pat; Falasca, Marco
• Is Part Of: Progress in lipid research. Volume 82(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-04
• Subjects: Lipid Metabolism -- coronavirus -- SARS-CoV-2 -- COVID-19 -- dyslipidaemia; AA arachidonic acid -- ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 -- AUC area under curve -- COVID-19 coronavirus disease 19 -- cPLA2 α cytosolic phospholipase A2α -- CTD C-terminal domain -- DAGs diacylglycerols -- DHA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid -- DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation -- DMV double-membrane vesicles -- DPA C22: 5 docosapentaenoic acid -- DVT deep vein thrombosis -- EBOV Ebola virus -- EPA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- ERGIC ER-Golgi intermediate compartment -- GM3 monosialodihexosyl ganglioside -- HDL high density lipoproteins -- IDL intermediate density lipoproteins -- IFNα interferon α -- ISTH International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis -- LC-MS liquid chromatography -- LDs lipid droplets -- LMs lipid mediators -- LPA lysophosphatidic acid -- LPE lysophosphatidylethanolamine -- LPLs Lysophospholipids -- LPC lysophosphatidylcholine -- MCS membrane contact site -- MERS-CoV Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus -- MVB multivesicular body -- NEFAs non-esterified fatty acids -- NET neutrophil extracellular trap -- NPC1 receptor Niemann-Pick C1 -- NTD N-terminal domain -- ORF open-reading frame -- PAs phosphatidic acids -- PAF platelet-activating factor -- PCs phosphatidylcholines -- PEs phosphoethanolamines -- PI3K phosphoinositide 3-kinase -- PLA2 phospholipase A2 -- plasmenyl-PC plasmenyl phosphatidylcholine -- PSTPIP2 proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interacting protein 2 -- PtdIns Phosphoinositides -- PtdIns3P monophosphate phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate -- PtdIns(3, 5)P2 bisphosphate phosphatidylinositol 3, 5-bisphosphate -- PUFAs poly-unsaturated fatty acids -- QqQ triple quadrupoles -- RBD receptor-binding domain -- RO replication organelles -- RvE3 resolvin E3 -- SARS-CoV Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome -- SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 -- S protein spike protein -- S1P sphingosine 1-phosphates -- SMs sphingomyelins -- SPE solid-phase extraction -- SPME solid-phase microextraction -- SREBPs sterol regulatory element-binding proteins -- TAGs triacylglycerols -- TC total cholesterol -- TMPRSS2 type II transmembrane serine host cell protease -- VLDL very low-density lipoproteins -- VTE venous thromboembolism.; Lipids -- Periodicals; Lipids -- Periodicals; Lipides -- Périodiques; Lipiden; 572.57
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101092
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0163-7827

Abstract

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic that has infected over a hundred million people globally. There have been more than two million deaths recorded worldwide, with no end in sight until a widespread vaccination will be achieved. Current research has centred on different aspects of the virus interaction with cell surface receptors, but more needs to be done to further understand its mechanism of action in order to develop a targeted therapy and a method to control the spread of the virus. Lipids play a crucial role throughout the viral life cycle, and viruses are known to exploit lipid signalling and synthesis to affect host cell lipidome. Emerging studies using untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic approaches are providing new insight into the host response to COVID-19 infection. Indeed, metabolomic and lipidomic approaches have identified numerous circulating lipids that directly correlate to the severity of the disease, making lipid metabolism a potential therapeutic target. Circulating lipids play a key function in the pathogenesis of the virus and exert an inflammatory response. A better knowledge of lipid metabolism in the host-pathogen interaction will provide valuable insights into viral pathogenesis and to the development of novel therapeutic targets.