Nutritional and developmental programming effects of insulin. (13th January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dearden, Laura; Bouret, Sebastien G.; Ozanne, Susan E.
• Other Names: Andrews Zane guestEditor.; Grattan David guestEditor.
• Is Part Of: Journal of neuroendocrinology. Volume 33:Number 4(2021)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2021-01-13
• Subjects: developmental programming -- diabetes -- hormones -- hypothalamus -- obesity; Neuroendocrinology -- Periodicals; 616.4
• DOI: 10.1111/jne.12933
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0953-8194

Abstract

Abstract: The discovery of insulin in 1921 was a major breakthrough in medicine and for therapy in patients with diabetes. The dramatic rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity has been tightly linked to an increased prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which poses major health concerns. Babies born to GDM mothers are more likely to develop obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease later in life. Evidence accumulated during the past two decades has revealed that high levels insulin, such as those observed during GDM, can have a widespread effect on the development and function of a variety of organs. This review summarises our current knowledge on the role of insulin in the placenta, cardiovascular system and brain during critical periods of development, as well as how it can contribute to lifelong metabolic regulation. We also discuss possible intervention strategies to ameliorate and hopefully reverse the developmental defects associated with obesity and GDM. Abstract : Evidence accumulated during the past two decades has revealed that high levels insulin, such as those observed during gestational diabetes, can have a widespread effect on the development and function of a variety of organs. This review summarises our current knowledge on the role of insulin in the placenta, cardiovascular system and brain during critical periods of development, as well as how it can contribute to lifelong metabolic regulation.