Development of a minipig model for lung injury induced by a single high-dose radiation exposure and evaluation with thoracic computed tomography. (21st June 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lee, Jong-Geol; Park, Sunhoo; Bae, Chang-Hwan; Jang, Won-Suk; Lee, Sun-Joo; Lee, Dal Nim; Myung, Jae Kyung; Kim, Cheol Hyeon; Jin, Young-Woo; Lee, Seung-Sook; Shim, Sehwan
• Is Part Of: Journal of radiation research. Volume 57:Number 3(2016:May)
• Page Start: 201
• Page End: 209
• Publication Date: 2016-06-21
• Subjects: Göttingen minipigs -- radiation -- lung injury -- computed tomography; Radiology, Medical -- Periodicals; Radiobiology -- Periodicals; Radiation -- Periodicals; 616.0757
• DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrv088
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0449-3060

Abstract

Abstract: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) due to nuclear or radiological exposure remains difficult to treat because of insufficient clinical data. The goal of this study was to establish an appropriate and efficient minipig model and introduce a thoracic computed tomography (CT)-based method to measure the progression of RILI. Göttingen minipigs were allocated to control and irradiation groups. The most obvious changes in the CT images after irradiation were peribronchial opacification, interlobular septal thickening, and lung volume loss. Hounsfield units (HU) in the irradiation group reached a maximum level at 6 weeks and decreased thereafter, but remained higher than those of the control group. Both lung area and cardiac right lateral shift showed significant changes at 22 weeks post irradiation. The white blood cell (WBC) count, a marker of pneumonitis, increased and reached a maximum at 6 weeks in both peripheral blood and bronchial alveolar lavage fluid. Microscopic findings at 22 weeks post irradiation were characterized by widening of the interlobular septum, with dense fibrosis and an increase in the radiation dose–dependent fibrotic score. Our results also showed that WBC counts and microscopic findings were positively correlated with the three CT parameters. In conclusion, the minipig model can provide useful clinical data regarding RILI caused by the adverse effects of high-dose radiotherapy. Peribronchial opacification, interlobular septal thickening, and lung volume loss are three quantifiable CT parameters that can be used as a simple method for monitoring the progression of RILI.