Persistent region-dependent neuroinflammation, NMDA receptor loss and atrophy in an animal model of penetrating brain injury. (May 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Grossman, Rachel; Paden, Charles M; Fry, Pamela A; Rhodes, Ryon Sun; Biegon, Anat
• Is Part Of: Future neurology. Volume 7:Number 3(2012)
• Page Start: 329
• Page End: 339
• Publication Date: 2012-05
• Subjects: brain atrophy -- brain injury -- neuroinflammation -- NMDA receptors -- peripheral benzodiazepine receptors -- TSPO; Neurology -- Research -- Periodicals; 611.8005
• DOI: 10.2217/fnl.12.25
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1479-6708

Abstract

Dynamic changes in neuroinflammation and glutamate NMDA receptors (NMDAR) have been noted in traumatic and ischemic brain injury.Aim: Here we investigate the time course and regional distribution of these changes and their relationship with atrophy in a rat model of penetrating brain injury.Materials & methods: Quantitative autoradiography, with the neuroinflammation marker [ 3 H]PK11195 and the NMDAR antagonist [ 125 I]iodoMK801, was performed on brains of animals subjected to a unilateral wireknife injury at the level of striatum and killed 3–60 days later. Regional atrophy was measured by morphometry.Results: The injury produced large increases in [ 3 H]PK11195 binding density in cortical and septal regions adjacent to the knife track by day 7, with modest increases in the striatum. [ 125 I]iodoMK801 binding was reduced in cortical and hippocampal regions showing marked neuroinflammation, which showed marked atrophy at subsequent time points.Conclusion: These results indicate that neuroinflammaton and loss of NMDAR precede and predict tissue atrophy in cortical and hippocampal regions.