Influence of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) on permeation through intestinal monolayer and mucus model in vitro. (1st July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lin, Yu-Ju; Qin, Zijin; Paton, Chad M.; Fox, Douglas M.; Kong, Fanbin
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 263(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-07-01
• Subjects: NC nanocellulose -- CNC cellulose nanocrystals -- CNF cellulose nanofibrils -- TR Texas red C2-dichlorotriazine -- MTT 3-[4 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide -- FD4 fluorescein isothiocyanate–dextran 4kDa -- SSF simulated salivary fluid -- SGF simulated gastric fluid -- SIF simulated intestinal fluid -- OPA o-phthalaldehyde -- BA bile acids; Nanocellulose -- Permeability -- In vitro mucus model -- Bile acids -- Cholesterol -- Absorption -- Caco-2 monolayer model; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117984
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: A novel in vitro mucus layer model was built to test the permeability change. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) may not penetrate differentiated Caco-2 monolayer. No noticeable amount of CNC was found to penetrate the mucus layer. CNC may decrease the permeation of substances across the mucus layer. CNC may alleviate hypercholesteremia by binding cholesterol and lowering bile acids diffusion. Abstract: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as a novel ingredient in foods and pharmaceuticals still lacks the safety and functionality information. We aimed to assess the absorption of CNC in small intestine and the effect on cell viability. In the second part, the impact of CNC on substance permeation through mucus layer, including the potential functionality in improving high blood cholesterol, was tested. No noticeable amount of CNC was found to penetrate through differentiated Caco-2 monolayer and in vitro mucus layer, and CNC had low toxicity on Caco-2 cell viability up to 10 mg/mL. CNC at 2 % (w/w) may affect the permeability of the mucus layer and larger molecules are more easily influenced. CNC may also alleviate hypercholesteremia by increasing viscosity of digesta, adsorbing cholesterol, and decreasing bile acids permeation. The results suggest CNC may not penetrate the small intestinal lining and may be used as a functional supplement.