4D sequential actuation: combining ionoprinting and redox chemistry in hydrogels. (16th September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Baker, Anna B; Wass, Duncan F; Trask, Richard S
• Is Part Of: Smart materials and structures. Volume 25:Number 10(2016:Oct.)
• Publication Date: 2016-09-16
• Subjects: hydrogels -- ionoprinting -- actuators -- sequential actuation -- selective redox; Smart materials -- Periodicals; Strucural design -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1088/0964-1726/25/10/10LT02
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0964-1726

Abstract

Abstract: The programmable sequential actuation of two-dimensional hydrogel membranes into three-dimensional folded architectures has been achieved by combining ionoprinting and redox chemistry; this methodology permits the programmed evolution of complex architectures triggered through localized out-of-plane deformations. In our study we describe a soft actuator which utilizes ionoprinting of iron and vanadium, with the selective reduction of iron through a mild reducing agent, to achieve chemically controlled sequential folding. Through the optimization of solvent polarity and ionoprinting variables (voltage, duration and anode composition), we have shown how the actuation pathways, rate-of-movement and magnitude of angular rotation can be controlled for the design of a 4D sequential actuator.