Hybrid battery–supercapacitor system for full electric forklifts. Issue 1 (1st March 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Castelli Dezza, Francesco; Musolino, Vincenzo; Piegari, Luigi; Rizzo, Renato
• Is Part Of: IET electrical systems in transportation. Volume 9:Issue 1(2019)
• Page Start: 16
• Page End: 23
• Publication Date: 2019-03-01
• Subjects: battery powered vehicles -- battery storage plants -- supercapacitors -- electric vehicles -- lead acid batteries -- secondary cells -- hybrid electric vehicles; DC link -- lead acid battery pack -- power request -- power train -- correct power management -- specific control strategy -- entire power‐train -- direct current link -- supercapacitor bank -- step‐up converter -- storage devices -- direct parallel coupling -- different coupling methods -- supercapacitors -- lead acid batteries -- hybrid electrical storage systems -- authors focus -- battery storage -- main limitations -- electric vehicles -- market quota -- yearly rise -- electric forklifts -- hybrid battery–supercapacitor system; Electric vehicles -- Periodicals; Electricity in transportation -- Periodicals; 621.3105
• DOI: 10.1049/iet-est.2018.5036
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2042-9738

Abstract

Abstract : Despite the yearly rise in the market quota of full electric vehicles, the main limitations on the deployment of electric vehicles are the real performances of the battery storage during operation. In this study, the authors focus on hybrid electrical storage systems composed of lead acid batteries and supercapacitors. Two different coupling methods are investigated: (i) the direct parallel coupling of the two storage devices and (ii) coupling by means of a step‐up converter between the supercapacitor bank and direct current (DC) link of the entire power‐train, where lead acid batteries are also connected. A specific control strategy is proposed and implemented in the step‐up converter to guarantee the correct power management of the power train and in particular: (i) to save the power request to the lead acid battery pack, (ii) maintain an adequate state of charge of the supercapacitor bank, and (iii) guarantee an adequate voltage level on the DC link. A prototype of the hybrid battery, integrating the proposed control technique, was realised and tested on a real forklift. The performances of the entire power‐train were experimentally measured in a warehouse test cycle emulating a typical daily working cycle.