Transdifferentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts – possible use for bone therapy. (15th August 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lin, Daphne P L; Carnagarin, Revathy; Dharmarajan, Arun; Dass, Crispin R
• Is Part Of: Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. Volume 69:Number 12(2017:Dec.)
• Page Start: 1661
• Page End: 1671
• Publication Date: 2017-08-15
• Subjects: BMP-2 -- myoblasts -- osteoblasts -- Runx2 -- transdifferentiation; Pharmacy -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12790
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-3573

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Transdifferentiation is defined as the conversion of one cell type to another and is an ever-expanding field with a growing number of cells found to be capable of such a process. To date, the fact remains that there are limited treatment options for fracture healing, osteoporosis and bone repair post-destruction by bone tumours. Hence, this review focuses on the transdifferentiation of myoblast to osteoblast as a means to further understand the transdifferentiation process and to investigate a potential therapeutic option if successful. Key findings: The potent osteoinductive effects of the bone morphogenetic protein-2 are largely implicated in the transdifferentiation of myoblast to osteoblast. Bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced activation of the Smad1 protein ultimately results in JunB synthesis, the first transcriptional step in myoblast dedifferentiation. The upregulation of the activating protein-1 binding activity triggers the transcription of the runt-related transcription factor 2 gene, a transcription factor that plays a major role in osteoblast differentiation. Summary: This potential transdifferentiation treatment may be utilised for dental implants, fracture healing, osteoporosis and bone repair post-destruction by bone tumours.